一种快速检测甲型流感病毒的方法

目的 开发一种快速、简便的基于胶体金免疫层析法（GICA）的试剂盒，以用于对甲型流感病毒的检测。方法以柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒，标记抗甲型流感病毒内部抗原的单克隆抗体。硝酸纤维素膜上包被两种抗甲型流感病毒单克隆抗体的混合液，制成免疫层析试纸。待测样品中的甲型流感病毒首先与胶体金标记抗体结合，后移动至硝酸纤维素上与固定的单克隆抗体发生反应，形成肉眼可见的红色带。结果GICA试纸条与甲1型和甲3型流感病毒共16种毒株均能发生特异性反应，与乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒无交叉反应。用三种不同甲型流感病毒毒株的不同浓度标本与美国同类经过FDA批准的产品比较，灵敏度相同。结论GICA试纸条灵敏度能够达到临床使用的要求，并具有简便快速、无需特殊仪器设备等优点，对甲型流感的诊断和流行病学调查具有十分重要的应用价值。

One Method of Fast Detection for Influenza A Virus

Objective To develop a fast and easy-to-use kit based on GICA(gold immunochromatography assay) for the detection of human Influenza-A virus.Method Monoclonal antibody recognizing the NP of Influenza-A was conjugated with 40nm colloidal gold particle to prepare a kit.The conjugate reacts with Influenza-A antigens in the sample and migrates forward to the nitrocellose,on which another monoclonal antibody was pre-immobilized,thus producing noticeable band by naked eyes.Results All 16 strains of Influenza-A subtype virus detected by GICA show positive reaction.37 samples of health people show negative reaction.Three strains were used to evaluate the sensitivity of GICA.The kit has the same sensitivity as the production of Quidel inc.Conclusion GICA is a sensitive,specific and fast assay for the detection of Influenza-A virus.