宜昌市居民被动吸烟状况的横断面调查

目的 :通过对城市居民被动吸烟状况及被动吸烟影响因素的系统研究 ,为政府组织和控烟机构实施有效的宣传和健康教育提供科学依据。方法 :对 6 5 0 0名 18周岁以上的宜昌市城区居民采用多阶段分层随机抽样问卷调查方法。结果 :被动吸烟率为 2 8.6 8% ,男、女性被动吸烟率分别为 2 3.4 7%和 31.39% ;影响被动吸烟率的因素有年龄、性别、职业、经济收入、及对相关知识的知晓程度。被动吸烟的场所以工作场所、公共场所和家中为主 ,其构成比分别为 34.15 %、 32 .74 %、32 .32 % ;被动吸烟者自报和确诊粗患病率均显著高于无被动吸烟的人 (χ2 =2 2 .36、 10 .84 ,P<0 .0 1)。结论 :我国城市居民被动吸烟状况不容乐观 ,应该增强居民的自我保护意识 ,改善社会环境 ,以减少被动吸烟在人群中所造成的危害。

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF PASSIVE SMOKING AMONG URBAN RESIDENTS

Objective:To provide some scientific statistics for the government and smoking-control organizations taking some measures by a systematic study of passive smoking state and its effect factors among the urban residents.Methods:A questionnaire survey was carried out with multiphase stratified random sampling among 6500 cases elder than or equal to 18 years old.Results:The general passive smoking rate was 28.68%,23.47% was for male and 31.39% was for female.The main passive smoking place was work place,public place and household,34.15% was at workplace,32.74% was in public and 34.15% was at home;The passive smoking residents have a higher crude prevalence rate than those without passive smoking.Conclusion:Active propaganda of passive smoking must be carried out to improve the consiousness of self-protection.Furthermore,the government should reinforce the smoking restrictions and assure that the residents live in a healthy atmosphere.