基于社会支持和信息-动机-行为技巧模型的护理干预方案在妊娠糖尿病孕妇中的应用

目的 探讨基于社会支持和信息-动机-行为技巧模型的护理干预方案对妊娠糖尿病孕妇的临床效果。方法 选取2020年2月至2022年2月浙江大学医学院附属第二医院临平院区收治的104例妊娠糖尿病孕妇为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为试验组和对照组，每组各52例。对照组孕妇给予常规护理干预，试验组孕妇在常规护理的基础上给予基于社会支持和信息-动机-行为技巧模型的护理干预方案，比较两组孕妇干预前后的抑郁-焦虑-压力量表、疾病认知和健康行为情况、孕期血糖控制情况、围产期母婴并发症及分娩方式。结果 干预后，试验组孕妇的抑郁、焦虑、压力评分及空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均显著低于对照组，疾病认知情况、健康促进生活方式问卷评分及阴道分娩率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组孕妇、围产儿的并发症发生率均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 基于社会支持和信息-动机-行为技巧模型的护理干预方案对妊娠糖尿病孕妇的干预效果良好，可使孕妇获得更多的社会支持，减少负面情绪，改善健康行为，促进血糖控制，提高自然分娩率。

The application of social support and information motivation behavior model in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective To explore the clinical effect of nursing intervention program based on social support and information motivation behavioral model for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A total of 104 pregnant women with GDM admitted to Linping District, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from February 2020 to February 2022 were selected as study objects, and were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method, with 52 cases in each group. The pregnant women in control group were given routine nursing intervention, and the pregnant women in experimental group were given social support and information motivation behavioral model nursing intervention based on routine nursing. The depression-anxiety-stress scale, disease cognition and health behavior, blood glucose control during pregnancy, perinatal maternal and infant complications and delivery mode were compared between two groups. Results After the intervention, the scores of depression, anxiety, stress, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of pregnant women in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group, and the scores of disease cognition, health promoting lifestyle profile and vaginal delivery rate were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The complication rate of pregnant women and perinatal infants in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The nursing intervention program based on social support and information motivation behavioral model has good effect on pregnant women with GDM, which can enable pregnant women to obtain more social support, reduce negative emotions, improve health behaviors, promote blood glucose control, and increase the rate of natural childbirth.