含重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和重组人骨形态发生蛋白-2骨水泥在骨质疏松性腰椎压缩性骨折治疗的应用价值

目的:探讨含重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor,rhbFGF)和重组人骨形态发生蛋白-2(recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2,rhBMP-2)骨水泥在骨质疏松性腰椎压缩性骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF)患者经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年1月收治的103例行PKP手术治疗的OVCF患者,男40例,女63例;年龄61~78(65.72±3.29)岁。受伤原因:滑倒33例,跌倒42例,提重物受伤28例。根据填充骨水泥不同分为3组:磷酸钙组34例,男14例,女20例,年龄(65.1±3.3)岁,填充磷酸钙骨水泥;rhBMP-2组34例,男12例,女22例,年龄(64.8±3.2)岁,填充含rhBMP-2的骨水泥;rhbFGF+rhBMP-2组35例,男14例,女21例,年龄(65.1±3.6)岁,填充含rhbFGF和rhBMP-2的骨水泥。比较3组Oswestry 功能障碍指数(Oswestry dysfunction index,ODI)、骨密度、椎体前缘丢失高度、伤椎前缘压缩率、疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual simulation score,VAS)及再骨折发生率。结果:所有患者获得12个月随访。3组术后ODI、VAS呈下降(P<0.001),骨密度增高(P<0.001),椎体前缘丢失高度、伤椎前缘压缩率呈先下降后缓慢上升趋势(P<0.001),rhbFGF+rhBMP-2组术后第1、6、12个月ODI、VAS均低于rhBMP-2组和磷酸钙组(P<0.05),术后第6、12个月骨密度大于rhBMP-2组和磷酸钙组(P<0.05)。rhbFGF+rhBMP-2组术后第6、12个月椎体前缘丢失高度、伤椎前缘压缩率均低于rhBMP-2组和磷酸钙组(P<0.05)。3组再骨折发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:含rhbFGF和rhBMP-2骨水泥可更有效地增加OVCF患者骨密度,获得术后满意的临床和放射学效果,显著改善临床症状。

Application value of bone cement containing rhbFGF and RHBMP-2 in PKP treatment of osteoporotic lumbar compression fracture

Objective To investigate the effect of bone cement containing recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rhbFGF) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF). Methods A total of 103 OVCF patients who underwent PKP from January 2018 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed,including 40 males and 63 females,aged from 61 to 78 years old with an average of (65.72±3.29) years old. The injury mechanism included slipping 33 patients,falling 42 patients,and lifting injury 28 patients. The patients were divided into three groups according to the filling of bone cement. Calcium phosphate consisted of 34 patients,aged(65.1±3.3) years old,14 males and 20 females,who were filled with calcium phosphate bone cement. rhBMP-2 consisted of 34 patients,aged (64.8±3.2) years old,12 males and 22 females,who were filled with bone cement containing rhBMP-2. And rhbFGF+rhBMP-2 consisted of 35 patients,aged (65.1±3.6) years old,14 males and 21 females,who were filled with bone cement containing rhbFGF and rhBMP-2. Oswestry disability index (ODI),bone mineral density,anterior edge loss height,anterior edge compression rate of injured vertebra,visual analog scale (VAS) of pain,and the incidence of refracture were compared between groups. Results All patients were followed for 12 months. Postoperative ODI and VAS score of the three groups decreased (P<0.001),while bone mineral density increased (P<0.001),anterior edge loss height,anterior edge compression rate of injured vertebra decreased first and then slowly increased (P<0.001). ODI and VAS of group calcium phosphate after 1 months,6 months,12 months were lower than that of rhBMP-2 and group rhbFGF+rhBMP-2(P<0.05),bone mineral density after 6 months,12 months was higher than that of rhBMP-2 and group calcium phosphate(P<0.05),and anterior edge loss height,anterior edge compression rate of injured vertebra of group rhbFGF+rhBMP-2 after 6 months and 12 months were lower than that of group rhBMP-2 and group calcium phosphate(P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of re-fracture among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Bone cement containing rhbFGF and rhBMP-2 could more effectively increase bone mineral density in patients with OVCF,obtain satisfactory clinical and radiological effects after operation,and significantly improve clinical symptoms.