卫生系统科学——医学教育“第三支柱”：全球标准与国际进展

世界医学教育联合会发布《本科医学教育质量改进全球标准（2020版）》,共在课程内容指导中增加了设置卫生系统科学课程的要求。卫生系统科学是改善在医疗保健系统内为病人和群体提供医疗保健的质量、结果和成本的原则、方法和实践。进入21世纪以来,美国医学会与多所医学院校经过联合工作,提出为了适应越来越快的医疗服务需求变化、越来越复杂的体系,在医学教育中除了传统的基础医学、临床医学两大支柱课程外,还应当设计以卫生系统科学为主题的课程,并加以实践。以帮助医学生更全面地掌握临床工作所需的能力,培养并运用系统思维,更快地适应他们的专业工作要求,站在卫生系统之间相互关联的立场上,高效、广泛、低成本地完成工作任务。近年来,卫生系统科学被定义为医学教育的第三支柱,从结构角度,构筑和保障了医学教育成果的稳定性。本文介绍了卫生系统科学形成的结构、内容和进展。

Health systems science as the third pillar of medical education: global standards and international progress

The World Federation for Medical Education (WFME) "Basic Medical Education WFME Global Standards For Quality Improvement (the 2020 Revision)" has added the requirements for the course of health systems science (HSS) in the guidance for curriculum content. HSS is the principles, methods, and practices that improve the quality, outcomes, and costs of providing health care to patients and populations within the health care system. Since the 21st century, in order to adapt to the increasingly rapid changes in the demand for health care services and the increasingly complex system, the American Medical Association (AMA) worked with several medical colleges and universities to propose the design and practice of a course focusing on HSS in addition to the two pillar courses of basic and clinical sciences, so as to help medical students master clinical competencies, develop and use system thinking to better adapt to the requirements of professional work, and accomplish their work tasks in an efficient, extensive, and low-cost manner from the perspective of the association between health systems. In recent years, HSS has been defined as the third pillar of medical education that, from the structural perspective, stabilizes and ensures the achievements of medical education. This article describes the structure and contents of HSS and related advances.