血液指标对早产儿视网膜病变影响的研究进展

早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)是发生在早产儿的血管异常增生性视网膜病变，可导致视网膜脱离和失明。随着新生儿医学的进步，低出生体质量儿及低胎龄儿存活率的提高，ROP发病率越来越高，因此，研究ROP的发病机制及影响因素具有重要的临床意义。既往文献对ROP的危险因素研究较多，如胎龄、吸氧、分娩方式、新生儿支气管肺的发育不良、表面活性剂的使用等。目前，早产、低出生体质量、出生后高浓度吸氧是国内外普遍公认的ROP独立危险因素。近些年来，越来越多的学者发现患儿的血液指标异常可能与ROP发生发展有关，本文就血小板、血红蛋白、血糖、炎症细胞及血脂对ROP的影响进行综述，为ROP危险因素的识别和预防提供参考。

Progress in the effect of blood indicators on retinopathy of prematurity

Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), an abnormal vascular proliferative retinopathy of prematurity, is a serious condition that can lead to retinal detachment or blindness. With the development of neonatal medicine, the survival rate of low birth weight and low gestational age infants has been increasing, as well as the incidence of ROP. Therefore, studying ROP''s pathogenesis and influencing factors is of great clinical importance. Numerous studies have been conducted on the risk factors for ROP, including gestational age, oxygen intake, mode of delivery, neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and the use of surfactants. At present, it is widely accepted both at home and abroad that preterm birth, low birth weight, and high oxygen concentration after birth are independent risk factors for ROP. In recent years, more and more scholars have found that abnormalities in blood indicators in preterm infants may be associated with the development of ROP. This article reviews the effects of platelets, haemoglobin, blood glucose, inflammatory cells, and lipids on ROP, providing a reference for identifying and preventing risk factors for ROP.