“伤科要药”三七在骨伤与创伤中的研究进展

三七是临床伤科疾病的常用中药，有散瘀止血、消肿定痛之效，历代中医古籍对其性味归经、功效主治的论述大同小异，现代研究发现三七具有活血、止血、抗炎、免疫调节、抗肿瘤等药理活性，主要活性成分为皂苷类。伤科疾病是指人体因跌打坠堕、扭伤劳损、碰撞闪挫等原因而引起的皮肉、筋骨、脏腑、气血等损伤，主要包括挫伤、创伤、软组织损伤、骨折及内伤等临床常见疾病。通过整理历代本草和现代文献中关于三七“伤科要药”功效的相关记载，对其在骨损伤修复、活血化瘀、止血、抗炎镇痛、伤口愈合等方面的药理作用及机制进行归纳梳理，为其深入开发和临床应用提供参考。

Research progress on Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma of traumatology essential medicine in bone injury and trauma

As a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for clinical traumatology diseases, Sanqi (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma) can remove blood stasis and stop bleeding, reduce swelling and relieve pain. There are many records in previous ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine on its property, flavor and meridian tropism, efficacy and indications are similar. Modern studies have found that Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma has the pharmacological functions such as promoting blood circulation, hemostasis, anti-inflammation, immune regulation and anti-tumor, which main active components are saponins. Traumatology diseases refer to the injuries of skin, muscles, bones, viscera, qi and blood caused by falls, sprains, strain, collisions and contusion, mainly including contusion, trauma, soft tissue injury, fracture, internal injury and other common clinical diseases. The pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma in the bone injury repair, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, hemostasis, anti-inflammation and analgesic, wound repair and other aspects were summarized by sorting out the records of Chinese herbal books of the past dynasties and modern literature on the efficacy of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, to provide reference for its further development and clinical application.