补体蛋白调控靶点在糖尿病视网膜病变中的作用及临床研究进展

补体系统是一个具有精密调控机制的蛋白质反应系统，具有介导炎症、调节免疫应答、溶解细胞和清除免疫复合物等功能。糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病常见和严重的眼部并发症，是眼科常见的不可逆性致盲性眼病之一，且其发病机制错综复杂，包括缺氧、氧化应激、炎症反应、多元醇代谢通路的异常等。近年来有越来越多的证据表明，免疫系统的失调和炎症是DR发病的重要因素，且多种补体蛋白在炎症调节、血管新生等关键过程中发挥着重要作用。因此，本综述的中心主旨在于研究补体系统及相关调节蛋白在DR中的作用，目的是阐明多种补体蛋白与DR发生发展的紧密联系，为我们防治DR提供重要参考和新的思路。同时本文也对补体系统靶向药物的临床研究进一步阐述。

Role of complement protein regulatory targets in diabetic retinopathy and its clinical research progress

The complement system is a protein response system with a precise regulatory mechanism, which has the functions of mediating inflammation, regulating immune response, dissolving cells and clearing immune complexes. Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a common and severe ocular complication of diabetes and one of the common irreversible blinding eye diseases in ophthalmology, and its pathogenesis is complex, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, inflammation and abnormal polyol metabolism pathway. In recent years, there has been more and more evidence that dysregulation and inflammation of immune system are important factors in the pathogenesis of DR, and a variety of complement proteins play an important role in key processes such as inflammation regulation and angiogenesis. Therefore, the central purpose of this review is to discuss the role of the complement system and related regulatory proteins in DR, with the aim of elucidating the close relationship between the complement proteins and the occurrence and development of DR, and providing important references and new ideas for the prevention and treatment of DR. At the same time, the clinical research of complement system-targeted drugs is further elaborated.