社区医护人员心肺复苏能力的影响因素及对策研究

目的 通过对社区医护人员心肺复苏（cardiopulmonary resuscitation，CPR）知识的现状调查，分析其心肺复苏相关知识掌握程度的影响因素，为今后改进社区急救培训提供依据。方法 2022年1月至3月依据《2016中国心肺复苏专家共识》和2020年美国心脏协会（American Heart Association，AHA）发布的CPR指南，自制调查问卷，对北京地区社区医护人员以微信推送问卷的方式进行CPR相关知识调查，问卷主要内容包括医护人员基本情况、CPR知识（满分为17分）和实践状况3部分，采用R4.0.3 统计软件进行多重线性回归分析。结果 来自51个社区中心的990名社区医护人员有效答卷，CPR知识平均得分为（10.27±2.87），回归分析显示男性，非31~40岁年龄组、中专学历、培训频次0~1次/2年、未实践过CPR和使用过自动除颤仪（automated external defibrillator，AED）的人群组较对应的组别得分差异存在统计学意义，提示性别、年龄、教育背景、培训频次、是否实践CPR和AED是社区医护人员CPR能力的独立影响因素。结论 社区医护人员心肺复苏能力亟待进一步提高，应重点加强中专学历、非31~40岁年龄段的医护人员的培训，培训时间应基于艾宾浩斯记忆曲线制定，增加培训频次，对无实践经验者要多练习CPR实时反馈装置培训及高仿真实操体感以提升社区医护人员CPR能力；需要增加CPR培训的频次，对不同人群采取分层次培训。

Factors influencing cardiopulmonary resuscitation competency among community medical staff in Beijing and countermeasures

Objective To investigate the status of the knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in community medical staff, and analyze the factors influencing their levels of CPR knowledge and skills, and to provide a basis for improving community CPR training programs.Methods From January to March 2022, we conducted a survey for the knowledge of CPR among community medical staff in Beijing through WeChat using a self-made questionnaire based on the 2016 National Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in China and the 2020 American Heart Association CPR guidelines. The questionnaire mainly focused on the basic information and CPR knowledge (full score, 17 points) and practice of medical workers. R4.0.3 software was used to perform multiple linear regression analysis.Results A total of 990 medical personnel from 51 communities effectively responded to the survey. The mean CPR knowledge score was (10.27±2.87) points. The regression analysis showed that the CPR score was significantly lower in groups of male, non-31-40-year-olds, technical degrees, only 0-1 trainings in two years, not ever practicing CPR, and not ever using an automated external defibrillator (AED), suggesting that sex, age, educational attainment, training frequency, whether having the experience of CPR and AED practice or not were independent factors influencing the CPR score of community medical staff.Conclusions The CPR competency of community medical staff needs to be improved, especially for those with technical degrees and non-31-40-year-olds. The training frequency should be increased based on the Ebbinghaus'' forgetting curve, and stratified training is recommended for different populations. Those without practical experience should receive more CPR training with real-time feedback devices and high-fidelity simulation to improve their CPR skills.