射频消融或冷冻消融两种方法对左心房扩大房颤患者的治疗效果比较

目的 对比射频消融或冷冻消融两种方法在左房扩大的房颤患者中是否存在治疗效果差异。方法 选取自2016年12月至2022年5月期间前来福建省莆田市第一医院心血管内科房颤中心就诊并行导管消融术的左心房扩大（left atrial volume index，LAVI）>34ml/m2的房颤患者作为研究对象，共106例。根据术式，分成射频组（n=54）和冷冻组（n=52），比较两组术后房颤复发的情况。结果 本研究中位随访时间为12个月，无死亡病例，失访率为3.8%，房颤消融后总体复发率为36.8%。两组临床基线情况及术后并发症差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；射频组的手术用时较长（P<0.001）、X-射线时间短、曝光量更少（P<0.05）；生存分析结果显示，两组患者无房颤/房扑/房速生存率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 对于左房扩大的房颤患者，两种术式临床效果相近。冷冻消融手术用时较短，而射频消融时医患所承受的X射线时间及曝光剂量更低，应根据实际情况选择合适的消融方法。

Difference in efficacy of radiofrequency and cryoballoon ablation methods on atrial fibrillation patients with enlarged left atrium

Objective To compare the different therapeutic efficacies between radiofrequency and cryoballoon ablation in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with enlarged left atrium. Methods A total of 106 AF patients with enlarged left atrium (LAVI)> 34ml/m2 who visited our center between December 2016 and May 2022 for catheter ablation were enrolled. They were divided into radiofrequency group (R-group) and cryoballoon group (C-group) according to the procedure. The recurrence of AF was compared between the two groups. Results The median follow-up time was 12 months and no death occurred. The rate of loss of follow-up was 3.8%. The overall recurrence rate of AF after ablation was 36.8%. There was no significant difference in clinical baseline between the two groups (P>0.05). The radiofrequency group had longer operation time (P<0.001), shorter X-ray time and less exposure (P<0.05); There was no significant difference in clinical baseline and postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). The results of survival analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rate of patients without atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter/atrial tachycardia between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion For AF patients with enlarged left atrium, the clinical effects of the two methods were similar. Cryoballoon takes a shorter time, while radiofrequency has a lower X-ray time and exposure dose for physicians and patients. Therefore, appropriate ablation methods should be selected according to the actual situation.