华重楼皂苷含量测定及累积规律研究

目的 测定华重楼不同栽培年限、龄段、栽培模式及产地主要重楼皂苷的含量，分析重楼皂苷在华重楼生长过程中的累积规律。方法 采用HPLC同时测定华重楼5种重楼皂苷(I、II、VI、VII、H)的含量。结果 华重楼总皂苷成分以重楼皂苷VII和H为主，重楼皂苷VI、II和I为辅。不同栽培年限华重楼根部皂苷(I、II、VII)含量差异具有统计学意义，6年生以上的含量可达到中国药典2020年版的标准，8年生的含量最高；根茎4a龄段和5a龄段的皂苷(I、II、VII)含量较高，显著高于其他龄段；不同栽培模式下皂苷(I、II、VII)含量范围在0.354%～0.765%，从高到低排列为针叶林>竹林>阔叶林>大棚；不同产地的皂苷(I、II、VII)含量在0.592%～0.741%，庆元百坎最高，仅福建三明的含量略低于中国药典2020年版的标准。结论 栽培年限、不同龄节、不同栽培模式及不同产地对华重楼皂苷的累积有明显影响，可为华重楼的人工栽培提供参考。

Study on the Content Determination and Accumulation Law of Saponins in Paris Polyphylla Smith Var. Chinensis (Franch.) Hara

OBJECTIVE To analyze the accumulation law of saponins during growth in Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara, determine the content of the main saponins in different cultivation years, age groups, cultivation modes and provenances. METHODS The content of 5 kinds saponins(I, II, VI, VII, H) was simultaneous determined by HPLC. RESULTS The total saponins in P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara were mainly composed of saponin VII and H, supplemented by saponin VI, I and II. The content of saponins(I, II, VII) was significantly different among different cultivation years rhizome, while it reached the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition after 6 years old, 8-year-old rhizome was the highest. The saponins(I, II, VII) content in 4a rhizome and 5a rhizome was significant higher than others, and it ranged from 0.354% to 0.765% in different cultivation modes, from high to low as follows: coniferous forest>bamboo forest>broadleaf forest>greenhouse. In different provenances, it ranged from 0.592% to 0.741%, reached the highest level in Qingyuan Baikan, and was slightly lower than the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition in Sanming Fujian. CONCLUSION There are remarkable correlations among saponins accumulation amounts and cultivation years, age groups, cultivation modes and provenances, which can provide reference for the artificial culvication of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara.