山苦瓜化学成分及药理作用的研究进展

山苦瓜Momordica charantia var. abbreviata是苦瓜的野生变种，属于药食同源物质，具有重要的食用与保健功能，常被用作保健食品和民间医药。现代药理学表明，山苦瓜的活性成分和药理作用比苦瓜显著，主要化学成分包括皂苷类、酚类、脂肪酸和丰富的微量元素与矿物质，具有抗糖尿病、抗炎、抗菌、抗癌和抗氧化等多种药理作用。全面概述山苦瓜的化学成分和药理作用，为山苦瓜的开发利用提供理论基础，以期获得更好的实用价值。

Research progress on chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Momordica charantia var. abbreviata

Shankugua (Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser.) is a wild variety of Kugua (Momordica charantia L.), which belongs to the homologous substance of medicine and food. It has important edible and health care functions and is often used as health food and folk medicine. Modern pharmacology shows that the active ingredients and pharmacological effects of M. charantia var. abbreviata are more significant than those of M. charantia. The main chemical components include saponins, phenols, fatty acids and abundant trace elements and minerals. It has many pharmacological effects such as anti-diabetes, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively summarize the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of M. charantia var. abbreviata, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of M. charantia var. abbreviata, in order to obtain better practical value.