不同类型学校教师心理健康与自我效能相关性研究

目的探讨不同类型学校教师心理健康与自我效能的相关程度,并对影响因素进行分析。方法采用整群分层抽样的方法,以学校或教研组为单位,分层抽取570名教师作为被试对象,采用一般自我效能感量表(SE I)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行测试。采用SPSS 13.0分析软件进行统计处理(t检验与相关分析)。结果①不同类型学校教师心理健康各因子得分比较具有非常显著性差异。其中小学与大学相比,在人际关系、敌对2个因子得分具有显著性差异(t1=2.04,2.39;P均<0.05);中学与大学相比,除抑郁因子外,其余各因子均具有非常显著性差异(t2=5.58,6.50,3.22,5.49,4.54,5.34,4.78,3.28;P均<0.01);中学与常模相比,各因子得分均具有极显著性差异(t3=6.67,4.25,6.57,7.28,8.24,6.83,7.79,8.94,5.07;P均<0.001);大学与常模相比,除躯体化、焦虑、精神病性3因子得分无显著性差异外,其余各因子得分均具有显著性差异(t4=2.22,5.05,1.87,4.51,3.71,3.13;P均<0.05);②教师自我效能得分与SCL-90各症状因子得分呈显著的负相关,与教师心理健康水平呈显著的正相关。结论教师自我效能是影响教师心理应激反应结果的一个重要变量。二者之间可以相互影响,互为因果。

Correlation Research on Mental Health and Self-efficacy of Different Types of School Teachers

Objective To investigate the correlation degree between mental health of the teachers in different types of schools and self-efficacy,and analyze the influencing factors.Methods A total of 570 teachers were selected by stratified sampling method and tested with the General Self-efficacy Scale and Symptom Checklist.Survey data were analyzed by using statistical sis software SPSS 13.0（t test and correlation analysis）.Results ①The mental health scores of different types of school teachers showed significant differences.There were significant differences in interpersonal relationships and hostility factor between primary and secondary schools,and universities（t1=2.04,2.39;P0.05）;there were significant differences in all factors except depression between secondary schools and universities（t2=5.58,6.50,3.22,5.49,4.54,5.34,4.78,3.28;P0.01）;there were significant differences in all factors between secondary schools and the norm（t3=6.67,4.25,6.57,7.28,8.24,6.83,7.79,8.94,5.07,P0.001）;there were significant differences in all factors except somatization,anxiety,psychosis factor between universities and the normal（t4=2.22,5.05,1.87,4.51,3.71,3.13;P0.05）.②The self-efficacy scores of the teachers were significantly negatively correlated with SCL-90,were significantly positive correlation with the mental health of the teachers.Conclusion The teachers＇ self-efficacy is an important variable effecting the result of psychological stress response of teachers.