湖区渔船民血吸虫病防治需求分析

目的了解当前渔船民血吸虫病防治管理现况及需求,为制定渔船民血吸虫病防治措施提供参考依据。方法在湖南、湖北、江西、安徽省和江苏省渔船民聚集地,根据意图抽样方法对渔船民进行问卷调查,采用SPSS11.5软件对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果共调查渔船民136名。52.2%的调查对象在船上安置有粪便收集器,其中83.1%表示在正常使用、并按规定上岸到指定点倾倒;41.2%的调查对象表示在船上处理粪便的方式是直接向江(湖)排放。未安置粪便收集器者以小学以下文化程度(文盲)者为多,占46.2%,显著高于其他人群(χ2=22.571,P=0)。不同文化程度组在对"不随便向江(湖)倾倒粪便能预防血吸虫病"的了解及对两项措施的支持意愿差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05);在对"在集散地设置无害化公厕对控制血吸虫病有用"知识的了解程度和"在集散地设点领取抗血吸虫药物"措施的需求意愿,呈现出随文化程度增高而升高的趋势。结论文化程度低仍是制约渔船民提高血吸虫病防治知识、意识和接受措施的重要因素。

Analysis of schistosomiasis control requirements in boat fishermen in lake regions

Objective To understand the current status and requirements of schistosomiasis control in boat fishermen,so as to provide evidence for making up schistosomiasis control measures for boat fishermen.Methods At the fixed anchor points of Hunan,Hubei,Jiangxi,Anhui and Jiangsu provinces,the questionnaire survey was conducted in boat fishermen using purposive sampling method,and the statistical software SPSS 11.5 was employed to carry out statistical analysis.Results A total of 136 boat fishermen were surveyed.Among them,52.2% had stool container on boat,among whom 83.1% used stool container and dumping stool to designation place on the land.41.2% dumped stool to rives or lakes when on boat.Upon the culture level,the rate of under primary school（illiteracy）who had non stool container on boat was 46.2%,it was higher than that who have stool container on boat,there was significant difference between them（χ2=22.571,P=0）.There were differences of the understanding of ＂Prevention of schistosomiasis by dumping stool to rivers or lakes＂ and willingness of 2 measures among different culture level group.It was indicated increasing tendency of understanding ＂schistosomiasis control effectively by sanitary latrines establishment in boat assembling place＂ and willingness of ＂receiving anti-schistosomiasis drug in boat assembling place＂ with different culture levels.Conclusion The low culture degree is a key restricting factor of knowledge and practice of schistosomiasis control improvement.