呼吸过滤器对老年患者全身麻醉术后呼吸道感染的预防作用

目的 观察呼吸过滤器（BF）对老年患者全身麻醉插管术后并发呼吸道感染的预防作用.方法 选择全身麻醉插管择期行胃肠肿瘤根治术的老年患者100例,随机分成两组各50例.观察组使用BF,对照组不使用BF.分别对麻醉前后两组气管导管末端、呼吸回路气管端采样进行细菌培养;统计两组术后7d内下呼吸道感染的发生率.结果 术后两组气管导管末端均检测到大量细菌生长.对照组呼吸回路气管端检测到大量细菌生长[（305.2±12.4） CFU/cm2],而观察组[（10.2±2.0）CFU/cm2]几乎无细菌生长,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=166.077,P＜0.01）;术后随访观察组无病例被确诊为下呼吸道感染,而对照组有5例（10.0％）发生肺部感染,差异有统计学意义（x2=5.263,P＜0.05）.结论 BF可有效滤过呼吸回路细菌,显著降低老年患者全身麻醉插管术后呼吸道感染的发生率.

Effect of breathing filter on prevention of respiratory tract infection following general anesthesia in elderly patients

Objective To investigate the effect of breathing filter（BF） on prevention of the respiratory tract infection in elder patients undergoing general anesthesia.Methods One hundred elderly who underwent the operation of gastrointestinal tumors were involved in the current study.They were randomly divided into control and experiment group and each for 50 cases.Patients in experiment group were given BF while in control group were not given.Bacteria on the tip of endotracheal tube and in the anesthesia machine circuits close to endotracheal tube were checked.The rate of the respiratory tact,infection of operative patients were recorded.Results After operation,a large number of bacterial growth in endotracheal catheter ends in both groups.The level of bacteria in the anesthesia machine circuits of control group was （305.2 ± 12.4） CFU/cm2,higher than that in experiment group （（10.2 ± 2） CFU/cm2 ; t =166.077,P 〈 0.001）.No patients in experimental group got respiratory tract infection in the follow up periods,but 5 patients （10.0%） in control group were infected,and the difference was significant （x2 =5.263,P 〈 0.05）.Conclusion BF can effective filtrate the bacterial in breathing circuit,significantly reduce the incidence rate of respiratory tract infection.