肠道微生态与肿瘤发生和发展关系的研究进展

肠道微生物种类繁多，形成功能复杂的肠道微生态系统，与宿主互利共生并影响宿主健康，被称为人类的“第二个基因组”。肠道微生态失衡与恶性肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。目前研究结果表明，肠道微生物包括细菌、真菌和病毒的多样性和丰度改变与肿瘤发生发展相关，这些微生物可通过调节宿主炎症与免疫、参与物质代谢、破坏基因稳定性等而影响肿瘤的进程。但各研究结果存在显著差异，可能与研究方法不一致和肠道微生物的复杂性等多种因素有关。通过饮食疗法、补充益生菌或缺失菌种以及应用抗生素等来调节肠道微生态可能成为肿瘤防治的新方法。本文就目前关于肠道微生态与恶性肿瘤发生发展关系的研究进展做简要综述，并指出肠道微生物研究在肿瘤学领域面临的一些挑战和可能的解决办法，以及未来靶向肠道微生态的肿瘤防治新方向，以期为开展进一步肿瘤-微生物研究理清思路，加速研究成果的临床转化，为肿瘤诊断和治疗提供新的策略。

Research progress on the relationship between intestinal microecology and tumorigenesis and development

There are many types of intestinal microbes,which form a complex intestinal microecosystem.The intestinal microecosystem co-exists with the host and afcts the host's health,and it is known as the"second genome"of human beings,Intestinal microcological imbalance is closely related to the occurrence and development of malignant tumors.The current research results show that changes in the diversity and abundance of intestinal microorganisms including bacteria,fungi and viruses are related to tumorigenesis and its development.These microorganisms can affect tumors by regulating host inflammation and immunity,participating in material metabolism,and disrupting gene stability process.However,there ane significant differences in the results of various studies,which may be related to various factors such a8 inconsistent research methods and the complexity of intestinal microorganisms.Regulation of intestinal microecology through diet therapy,supplementation of probiotics or missing bacteria,and application of antibiotics may become new methods for tumor prevention and treatment.This article summarizes the current research progress on the relationship between intestinal microecology and the occurrence and development of malignant tumors.Also,it points out some challenges and posible solutions for intestinal microbiological research in the field of oncology,as well as the new direction of tumor prevention and treatment targeting intestinal microecology in the future.The review aims to clarifty the ideas for further tumor-microbial research and accelerate the clinical transformation of the research results,and provide new strategies for tumor diagnosis and treatment.