胃肠外科手术患者营养风险发生研究

目的探讨胃肠外科手术患者营养风险发生及营养支持情况。方法对我院2013年1月至2013年6月胃肠外科收治的252例胃肠外科手术患者采用NRS 2002营养风险筛查工具进行营养风险筛查,根据筛查结果研究NRS 2002营养筛查工具的适用率、胃肠外科手术患者营养风险发生率、营养支持率、营养风险及营养支持治疗对患者住院时间及并发症发生率等临床结局的影响。结果 NRS 2002营养风险筛查工具适用率为98.4%,适用于我院胃肠外科手术患者。我院胃肠外科手术患者的营养风险发生率为40.3%,其中无营养风险手术患者术后住院时间及术后并发症发生率均明显低于存在营养风险手术患者(P0.05)。通过有效的营养支持,存在营养风险的手术患者临床结局得到明显改善(P0.05),不存在营养风险的手术患者则无明显改善(P0.05)。结论 NSR2002适用于胃肠外科手术患者,对存在营养风险的患者及时进行有效的营养支持治疗可改善患者的住院时间及术后并发症等临床结局,促进患者康复。

The incidence of nutritional risk in patients with gastrointestinal surgery operation

Objective To study the nutritional risk of gastrointestinal surgery patients,and provide information for clinical nutritional support.Methods From January 2013 to June 2013,a total number of 252 gastrointestinal surgery patients were enrolled in the study by fixed-point continuous sampling method in our hospital.The nutritional risks were screened with NRS 2002,by calculating the NRS 2002 applicable rate,incidence rate,nutritional support rate and their effects on prognosis with different nutritional support way.Results The applicable rate of NSR 2002 was 98.4％,and it＇s applicable to the gastrointestinal surgery patients in our hospital.The incidence of nutritional risk was 40.3％.The surgical postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay of patients with no nutritional risk were significantly less than patients with nutritional risk（P ＜0.05）.By the effective nutrition support,the hospitalized time was significantly shortened,and the occurrence of postoperative complications was significantly decreased while compared with the nutritional risk patients （P ＜0.05）.However,the improvement is not obvious in no nutritional risk patients （P ＞0.05）.Conclusion Nutritional risk screening is very necessary for patients with gastrointestinal surgery.The timely and effective nutritional support for patients with nutritional risk could shorten the hospital stay and decrease the postoperative complications.