山区中学生心理健康状况的调查

目的 通过对山区农村中学生的心理健康状况进行调查，分析山区农村中学生心理健康状况的新特点，新趋势，并提出对山区农村中学生的心理健康教育的新要求。方法用王极盛教授编制的《中学生心理健康量表》对五省20所山区农村中学577名中学生进行测查，用SPSS统计软件包对数据进行处理。结果山区农村中学生心理健康量表各因子检出率占49．59％；来自县镇的学生各因子得分均高于来自乡村的中学生；男女生在抑郁及心理不平衡因子上有显差异；初三学生各因子均高于其他年级；县乡与年级间及性别与年级间在某些因子上存在显的交互作用。结论山区农村中学生有心理健康问题的人数比城市学生要多；特别是县镇学生、初三年级学生及男生存在着更严重的心理问题；这主要是因为地域、经济、社会观念等原因造成的。启示我们在城市和农村的心理健康教育中，要根据中学生心理表现的不同特点有区别地进行教育。对山区农村中学生而言，男性县镇的学生及初三学生要特别予以关注。

Mental health of middle school students in mountainous areas

Objective To investigate the mental health of middle school students in mountainous areas Methods A questionnaire survey, using the Measure Instrument on Psychological Health of Middle School Student designed by Wang Jisheng, was conducted among 577 students, 59 00% being male and 41 00% being female, of 20 middle schools in the mountainous areas, in countryside or in town, of 5 provinces selected by random sampling Results 49 59% of the students had different psychological problems The students from town middle schools had higher scores for all factors than those from countryside, however, only the differences in the scores for depression, anxiety, study stress, and maladjustment, were statistically significant (P<0 05 or P<0 01) Among the junior middle school students, the scores for different factors were all higher in the third graders than in the first and second graders, especially the scores for paranoia, hostility, interpersonal tension, depression, anxiety, study stress, and maladjustment (all P<0 05) Among the senior middle school students, the scores for study stress and psychological imbalance were significantly higher in the first and second graders than in the third graders (both P <0 05) The scores for depression and anxiety were significantly higher in the female students than in the male students (both P<0 05) and th3e scores for other factors were significantly higher in the male students than in the female students (all P<0 05) Interactions between grade and school location and between grade and gender in some psychological factors were also shown notably Conclusion Middle school students in mountainous areas, especially those in countryside, third graders and male students, had much more psychological problems than those in urban area, first and second graders, and female students The main influencing factors are geographical location, economic status and social beliefs