FISH mapping of microsatellite loci from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Drosophila subobscura</Emphasis> and its comparison to related species |
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Authors: | Josiane Santos Lluis Serra Elisabet Solé Marta Pascual |
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Institution: | 1.Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia,Universitat de Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain;2.CBA, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências,Universidade de Lisboa,Lisbon,Portugal |
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Abstract: | Microsatellites are highly polymorphic markers that are distributed through all the genome being more abundant in non-coding
regions. Whether they are neutral or under selection, these markers if localized can be used as co-dominant molecular markers
to explore the dynamics of the evolutionary processes. Their cytological localization can allow identifying genes under selection,
inferring recombination from a genomic point of view, or screening for the genomic reorganizations occurring during the evolution
of a lineage, among others. In this paper, we report for the first time the localization of microsatellite loci by fluorescent
in situ hybridization on Drosophila polytene chromosomes. In Drosophila subobscura, 72 dinucleotide microsatellite loci were localized by fluorescent in situ hybridization yielding unique hybridization signals.
In the sex chromosome, microsatellite distribution was not uniform and its density was higher than in autosomes. We identified
homologous segments to the sequence flanking the microsatellite loci by browsing the genome sequence of Drosophila pseudoobscura and Drosophila melanogaster. Their localization supports the conservation of Muller’s chromosomal elements among Drosophila species and the existence of multiple intrachromosomal rearrangements within each evolutionary lineage. Finally, the lack
of microsatellite repeats in the homologous D. melanogaster sequences suggests convergent evolution for high microsatellite density in the distal part of the X chromosome. |
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