北京市成年人膳食及营养补充剂中维生素和矿物质的摄入状况

目的研究膳食营养补充剂对北京市居民维生素和矿物质摄入水平及营养素摄入的影响。方法采用多阶段整群抽样法,抽取北京市6区县1440户家庭,调查18岁及以上成年人3992人。结果男性由膳食提供的维生素和矿物质的平均摄入量均高于女性,但是女性烟酸、维生素C的总摄入量高于男性。使用者的维生素和矿物质的摄入量均高于非使用者,在使用者中,补充剂中硫胺素的贡献率男性为60%,女性为70%,核黄素的贡献率为男性47%,女性45%,钙的贡献率为男性42%,女性为45%。使用者中维生素和矿物质达到或超过参考值的比例明显高于非使用者,特别是维生素C和钙,高出20～30个百分点。结论使用营养补充剂提高了维生素和矿物质的摄入水平,使人群达到参考摄入量的比例增加。今后营养调查中应增加营养补充剂调查,以提高营养素评价的准确度。

VITAMINS AND MINERALS INTAKE FROM DIET AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENT IN BEIJING ADULTS

Objective To analyze the contribution of dietary supplements to current vitamin mineral intakes in Beijing,China.Method By stratified cluster sampling method,3992 subjects aged 18y and above in 1440 households were investigated in 6 different regions in Beijing.Results The dietary intake of vitamin and mineral of men was higher than that of women,but the total intake of niacin and vitamin C was lower.Both dietary and total intake of vitamin and mineral in supplement users were higher that those in nonusers.In the group of supplement users,the contribution of supplement to thiamin,riboflavin and calcium intakes was 60% and 70%,47% and 45%,42% and 45% in men and women respectively.The percentage of supplement users who reached the current recommended intakes of vitamins and minerals was higher compared with that of nonusers,about 20 -30 percent higher for vitamin C and calcium.Conclusion The average intakes of vitamin and mineral are improved by using dietary supplements.Dietary supplements should be included in the future nutrition survey in China for improving the accuracy of nutrient’s intake.