甘草甘遂伍用对大鼠心肝肾功能及病理组织形态的影响

目的 观察中药十八反中甘草与甘遂同用时对Wistar大鼠心、肝、肾功能及形态的影响.方法 单味药甘草及单味药甘遂各100 g分别加水 200 mL,煎煮浓缩至 50 mL药液,配伍组将甘草及甘遂各 100 g加水400 mL,煎煮浓缩至 50 mL药液.共 20只大鼠分成甘草组、甘遂组、甘草+甘遂组及对照组4组,每组各 5只大鼠,采用灌胃法,药物剂量按 0.02 mL/g大鼠计算,每日灌胃1次,连续 7 d,对照组灌服生理盐水.观察大鼠心、肝、肾功能及形态的变化.结果单味甘草及单味甘遂对实验动物肝功能中谷丙转氨酶 (alanineaminotransferase,ALT)及总蛋白均无明显影响( P 》0.05),甘草与甘遂同用后对ALT影响明显 [对照组、甘草组、甘遂组、甘草+甘遂组分别为( 38.5±3.7) ,(43.4± 4.2),(44.5± 4.3),( 268.5± 25.8) IU/L](P《 0.01),而对总蛋白无明显影响(P 》0.05);单味甘草、单味甘遂及甘草与甘遂配伍后对实验动物肾功能中尿素氮、肌酐均无明显影响(P 》0.05);单味甘遂对心肌酶谱中肌酸磷酸激酶( creatine phosphokinase,CPK)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)、γ-羟丁酸脱氢酶(-hydroxybutyric acid dehydrognase,γ-HBDH)等指标有影响(P《 0.05),配伍甘草后对以上各指标的影响加重 (P《 0.01).心、肝、肾脏组织病理检查显示,单味甘草及单味甘遂对心、肝、肾脏组织无明显影响,两药相配后可导致心、肝、肾脏组织血管充血明显.结论配伍组对大鼠心、肝、肾功能有明显影响,而对肾功能无影响,对大鼠心、肝、肾脏组织形态有较轻微影响,但属可逆性改变.

Effect of licorice and kansui combination on the functions and pathological histomorphology of heart,liver and kidney in rat

AIM:To explore the effect of the combination of two incompatible Chinese medical herbs,licorice and kansui from " eighteen incompatible medicaments" on the functions and histomorphology of the heart,liver and kidney in Wistar rats. METHODS:The single solution of licorice or kansui was obtained respectively by boiling 100 g of the herbal roots in 200 mL of water until it condensed into 50 mL,and the combined one was obtained by boiling 100 g of each of the two herbs in 400 mL of water until it condensed into 50 mL.A total of 20 rats were equally divided into 4 groups,which were licorice,kansui,licorice + kansui and normal control groups,with 5 in each group.Stomach-perfusion method was used in medication.The dose of the medication was calculated according to 0.02 mL/g/rat.Medicine was perfused once a day for 7 days.And normal saline was used in control group.The functions of heart,liver and kidney as well as the morphological changes were observed. RESULTS:There was no significant impact of single licorice or kansui on alanine aminotrasferase(ALT) in hepatic functions in the experimental animals(P >0.05).However,there were significant impact of the combination of licorice and kansui on ALT [the results of ALT in control,licorice,kansui and licorice+ kansui groups were(38.5± 3.7),(43.4± 4.2),(44.5± 4.3) and(268.5± 25.8) IU/L respectively],P< 0.01,but no impact on total proteins(P >0.05). There were no significant impacts of single licorice,single kansui and the combination of licorice and kansui on blood urine nitrogen(BUN) and creatinine(Cr) in renal function of the experimental animals(P >0.05).Single kansui would affect the indices in myocardial enzymes of creatine phosphokinase(CPK),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and γ-hydrox-ybutyric acid dehydrognase(γ-HBDH),etc.(P< 0.05),and the impact on the above indices aggravated after the combination of licorice(P< 0.01). The pathological examination of heart,liver and kidney indicated that there was no significant impact of single licorice or single kansui on the tissues of heart,liver and kidney;however,the combination of these two herbs could induce significant vascular hyperemia in heart,liver and kidney. CONCLUSION:Combined application of licorice and kansui has significant impact on cardiac and hepatic function in rat but no impact on renal function,which also would slightly affect the histomorphology of heart,liver and kidney in rat but still belong to reversible changes.