儿科医师对儿童口腔龋病知识了解程度的调查研究

目的评估儿科医师在儿童口腔龋病相关知识的掌握程度、治疗态度等方面的现状,为我国儿童龋病预防与控制提供政策建议。方法根据世界卫生组织龋病诊断标准,《口腔健康调查基本方法》和美国儿科学会初级儿科保健医师指导手册,结合我国国情设计儿科医师口腔健康知识的调查问卷,内容主要包括儿科医师基本情况、对龋病预防知识了解程度及影响儿科医师龋病知识了解程度的相关因素。用此问卷对8家医疗机构的850名儿科医师进行调查,并对调查结果进行统计学分析,采用重抽样技术对统计分析结果做了校正使分析结果更加可靠。结果有效问卷共850份。(1)儿科医师对龋病预防知识的掌握程度普遍较低,只有68.1%的儿科医师认为龋病可以通过母亲传染给婴幼儿,60.7%的儿科医师可以辨别龋齿,51.8%的儿科医师认为乳牙龋坏需要治疗,21.4%的儿科医师推荐1岁半开始刷牙,27.2%的儿科医师推荐儿童1岁以前开始第一次看儿童口腔科医师,69.6%的儿科医师听说过牙齿涂氟;(2)多重线性回归分析显示儿科医师在校学习过口腔保健知识、在本科阶段有过培训、通过毕业后的继续教育学习过口腔知识、自身对口腔健康培训的兴趣、所在医院级别等变量是影响儿科医师龋病知识了解程度的相关因素。结论我国儿科医师龋病知识了解程度偏低。大部分儿科医师在婴幼儿是否应该看牙医方面认识不足。未来,应针对我国儿科医师的现状,制订并采取合适的培训与合作方式,儿科医师可与口腔医师联手,从而有效提高婴幼儿口腔健康水平。

Pediatricians' knowledge on dental caries in children:a survey

ObjectiveTo assess the pediatricians’ knowledge on dental caries in children and their attitude towards treatment. MethodsA questionnaire for pediatrician’s oral health knowledge was designed covering the personal information of the physician, his or her knowledge on dental caries prevention, and factors affecting knowledge of dental caries of pediatricians. This questionnaire was administered to 850 pediatricians in medical institutions, and the survey results were analyzed statistically. A bootstrap method was used to correct the results of statistical analysis to ensure they would be reliable. ResultsAccording to the analytical results of the 850 valid questionnaires, pediatricians generally had relatively poor knowledge on the prevention of dental caries. Of all pediatricians surveyed, 68.1% believed that dental caries can be transmitted to infants maternally, 60.7% were able to identify caries, 51.8% believed that primary caries must be treated, only 21.4% recommended tooth brushing starting from 1.5 years old, 27.2% recommended children to visit a pediatric dentist before 1 year old, and 69.6% knew the effects of fluoride treatment. A multiple linear regression model was established, which showed that pediatricians learned the knowledge of oral health care in school, through continued education, or through training in the undergraduate school. The hospital level was a key factor related to the pediatrician’s knowledge on dental caries. ConclusionThe rate of awareness of the prevention of dental caries among pediatricians is low. Most pediatricians do not think that primary caries needs to be treated. In the future, appropriate training according to various characteristics of pediatricians should be performed to enable them to cooperate with dentists to improve the oral health of infants and young children.