339例疑似肺结核患者Xpert Mtb/RIF检测临床分析

目的：探讨基层医院对结核病快速检测的方法。方法：收集2014年全年结核病门诊入选国家免费项目患者的痰标本，进行Xpert Mtb/RIF检测、荧光显微镜涂片找抗酸杆菌，并将二者进行对比，以培养做为最终标准。对结果进行分析。结果：对339份标本进行Xpert Mtb/RIF，荧光镜抗酸染色及培养，其中检测组175例患者标本中，阳性标本123例，阳性率为70.3%；对照组164中涂片阳性标本58例，阳性率为35.4%。卡方检验结果表明两组有显著性差异（P<0.01）。针对两种方法的阳性标本进行固体培养，培养结果为：Xpert Mtb/RIF检测阳性123例标本，阳性为80例，阳性率为70.3%。对照组阳性标本58例，培养出细菌19例，阳性率为19.3%卡方检验结果表明两组显著性差异（P<0.01）。结论：Xpert Mtb/RIF方法能快速、方便、灵敏检测结核杆菌，并快速培养出结核杆菌及耐药分析。

Clinical analysis of 339 cases of suspected tuberculosis patients with Xpert Mtb/RIF

Objective: To investigate the method of rapid detection of tuberculosis in primary hospitals. Methods:to collectthe year 2014,TB clinic selected sputum samples of patients with free national projects,xpert Mtb/RIF detection, fluorescence microscope smear for acid fast bacilli and compare the two, to culture as the ultimate standard. Analysis of the results. Results:339 samples of xpert Mtb/RIF, fluorescent microscope by acid fast staining and culture. The detection group 175 cases of specimens of patients and 123 cases of positive samples, positive rate was 70.3%; control group of 164 in smear positive specimens of 58 cases, positive rate was 35.4%. There were significant differences between the two groups ( P<0.01).The positive samples of the two methods were carried out by solid culture. The culture results were as follows:Mtb/RIF Xpert was positive in 123 cases, positive in 80 cases, the positive rate was 70.3%. In the control group, 58 cases were positive, 19 cases were cultured, the positive rate was 19.3%, and the chi square test was significantly different between the two groups ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Mtb/RIF Xpert method can quickly, conveniently and sensitively detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and rapid culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug resistance analysis.