广西地区打鼾人群血压状况分析

目的了解广西地区打鼾的发生率、打鼾人群血压状况及打鼾与高血压的相关性。方法2003年1月至2005年3月对广西桂南、桂中、桂北14岁及以上人群进行打鼾的流行病学调查。采用集中填写问卷辅以入户问卷调查的方法收集资料，同时检测受调查者血压、身高、体重等身体参数。结果共抽样调查2862户，11163人，年龄14—99岁，平均年龄（39．6±17．5）岁。其中2940人打鼾，打鼾发生率为27．3％（2940／10758）。非打鼾人群平均收缩压为（122．7±21．7）mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa），舒张压为（75．7±13．2）mmHg，高血压患病率为19．9％（1566／7860）。打鼾人群平均收缩压为（128．2±30．9）mmHg，舒张压为（79．3±12．4）mmHg，高血压患病率为31．5％（931／2940）。随着年龄的增加，打鼾的发生率逐渐升高（趋势X^2=592．613，P=0．000），高血压的患病率也逐渐升高（趋势X^2=1868．277，P=0．000）。非习惯性打鼾者高血压患病率为27．6％，习惯性打鼾者高血压患病率37．4％。轻度打鼾者高血压患病率为27．5％，中度为31．1％，重度为37．4％，同时合并（被发现）有睡眠呼吸暂停者为44．1％。可能影响高血压的诸多因素的单因素分析及logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄、民族、打鼾、体重指数、饮酒是高血压的危险因素。控制年龄、民族、体重指数、饮酒等因素后的偏相关分析结果显示，打鼾人群的打鼾程度与收缩压和舒张压均呈正相关。结论广西地区14岁及以上人群打鼾发生率为27．3％。打鼾人群收缩压与舒张压及高血压患病率明显高于非打鼾人群。高血压的患病率随打鼾程度的增加而增加。打鼾程度与收缩压和舒张压均呈正相关。打鼾是除年龄、体重指数、饮酒以外与高血压发生相关的危险因素。

A statistical study of the blood pressure in snoring population of Guangxi

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of snoring, the blood pressure in the snoring population and the correlating between hypertension and snoring in Guangxi. METHODS: From January 2003 to March 2005, people older than 14 from the south, central and north Guangxi were studied for the prevalence of snoring. A questionnaire was administered, and the blood pressure, height and weight of the participants were measured. RESULTS: A total of 2862 families, 11 163 persons (aged 14 - 99 years, mean, 39.6 +/- 17.5 years) were surveyed. The prevalence of snoring was 27.3% (2940/10 758). The systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure of the non-snoring were 122.73 +/- 21.71 mm Hg and 75.68 +/- 13.17 mm Hg respectively. The systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure of the snoring were 128.23 +/- 30.85 mm Hg and 79.27 +/- 12.42 mm Hg respectively. The prevalence of hypertension of the two groups was 19.9% and 32.1% respectively. With the increase of age, there was an increasing tendency of snoring rate (tendency chi(2) = 592.613, P = 0.000) and hypertension rate (tendency chi(2) = 1868.277, P = 0.000). The hypertension incidence of the occasional snorers, habitual snorers, mild snorers, moderate snorers, and severe snorers and persons who suffered from sleep apnea was 27.6%, 37.4%, 27.5%, 31.1%, 37.4% and 44.1% respectively. Multiple logistic regression models showed that the risk factors for hypertension were snoring, age, body mass index (BMI), nationality and alcohol consumption. The partial correlation analysis showed that snoring was positively correlated to the diastolic blood pressure but not correlated to the systolic blood pressure. The severity of snoring was positively correlated to both the diastolic and the systolic blood pressures. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of snoring was 27.3% in Guangxi. The systolic blood pressure, the diastolic blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in snoring subjects were higher than those in non-snoring subjects. The prevalence of hypertension increased with increased severity of snoring. The severity of snoring was positively correlated to the diastolic and the systolic blood pressures. Snoring, age, BMI and alcohol consumption were the risk factors for hypertension.