儿童先天性外耳道闭锁合并其他畸形的CT分析

目的探讨高分辨率螺旋CT（HRCT）多平面重组对外耳道闭锁合并其他畸形的诊断价值,提高对复合耳科畸形的认识。方法回顾性分析经临床、手术证实的资料完整的先天性外耳道闭锁患者82例,共106耳,男61例,女21例,年龄2个月～14岁,平均2.4岁。其中,24例为双侧外耳道闭锁,39例为右侧外耳道闭锁,19例为左侧外耳道闭锁。多为传导性耳聋,如伴有内耳畸形则为感音性耳聋。结果外耳道闭锁多合并复杂的中耳畸形,发生率约72%（76/106）,内耳畸形发生率约8%（9/106）。其中,骨性外耳道闭锁（77耳）多合并中耳畸形,发生率约92%（71/77）,内耳畸形较少见,约10%（8/77）;膜性闭锁（29耳）中合并中耳及内耳的畸形均较少见,共约20%（6/29）。结论 HRCT扫描多平面重组能全程观察耳廓、外耳道及中耳、内耳的解剖结构,对诊断外耳道闭锁合并其他畸形的病变具有重要价值。

CT Analysis of Congenital Ankylotia with Other Deformity of Children

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of multiplanar reformation of high-resolution computed tomography（HRCT） for congenital ankylotia with other deformity,and improve the recognization of composite otology deformity.Methods The whole clinical,surgical identified data of 82 patients（106 ears） with congenital ankylotia is retrospectively reviewed.61 cases are male and 21 cases are female.The average age is 2.4 years（range from 2 months to 14 years）.24 cases are bilateral ankylotia,39 cases are only right ankylotia and 19 cases are only left ankylotia.Most of them are conductive deafness,such as perceptive deafness accompanies inner ear deformity.Results Ankylotia is usually companied complex middle ear deformity,accounting for 72%（76/106）,and a low incidence in inner ear deformity is 8%（9/106）.Among them,the osseous ankylotia（77 ears） is usually companied the complex middle ear deformity,accounting for 92%（71/77）,and inner ear deformity is rare,about 10%（8/77）.The incidences of middle ear and the inner ear deformity with membranous atresia（29 ears） are scarce,total accounting for 20%（6/29）.Conclusion HRCT multiplanar reformation could be used to observe the anatomical structure of auricle,external auditory canal,middle ear and inner ear in the whole course,has important value in the diagnosis of congenital ankylotia with other deformity.