西安市学龄儿童睡眠状况的流行病学调查

目的了解西安市学龄儿童睡眠状况,为针对性地开展学龄儿童睡眠健康教育提供参考依据。方法分层随机整群抽样方法抽取西安市小学生2 037名,采用修订后的《学龄儿童家庭社会环境与睡眠健康问卷》对儿童家长进行调查。结果西安市学龄儿童睡眠障碍总检出率为33.9%,其中前3位为失眠(57.3%)、说梦话(15.3%)、打鼾(11.9%)。学龄儿童的睡眠时间随年级升高而逐渐减少(P=0.000)。多因素分析显示,睡前饮用咖啡、长期或近期服用药物、扁桃体炎或腺样体肥大、孩子非独立卧房、更换照养人、入睡需要安慰物、常感鼻堵塞或通气不畅等为儿童睡眠障碍的危险性因素。结论西安市学龄儿童睡眠时间不足,睡眠障碍的检出率较高,主要影响因素为学业繁重、学校及家庭施加压力过大等。

Epidemiological Study on Sleep Disorder Among School-aged Children in Xi'an

Objective To study the status of sleeping among school-aged children in Xi'an,and to provide reference for the related health education.Methods 2 037 pupils were selected by random and stratified sampling method from three elementary schools.By using the revised questionnaire on children's sleep and health,the pupils' parents were investigated.Results The prevalence rate of sleep disorder was 33.9%,the leading three were insomnia((57.3%),) somniloquy(15.3%) and snore(11.9%).The average sleep time decreased with grade(P=0.000).Multiple factor regression analysis indicated that the risk factors to children's sleep disorder were drinking coffee before sleep,having dugs,tonsillitis,sleeping with others,changing caring person,needing comforter and nose obstruction.Conclusion The pupils' sleeping time is not enough,and the prevalence rate of sleep disorder is high.The main influencing factors are learning burden and pressure from school or family.