环状肉芽肿43例分析

目的 探讨局限型、泛发型环状肉芽肿诱发因素、临床、组织学改变及治疗情况。方法 回顾性分析24例局限型及19例泛发型环状肉芽肿患者临床资料。结果 两型中尤其是泛发型中部分患者病情与日晒明显相关。局限型皮损常局限于手、颈后、足背，小丘疹排列成环状，直径1～2cm，最大7cm；泛发型皮损较小，0．5～1cm，常泛发。组织学改变以栅状肉芽肿最多见，占61．9％，散在性组织细胞浸润次之，占38．1％．两者均以局限型较泛发型为多。局限型以避光、局部外用糖皮质激素、冷冻、手术切除为主．必要时口服维生素E、烟酰胺、顽固者口服小剂量氯喹可控制病情。泛发型以系统用药为主，氯喹、氨苯砜、糖皮质激素及异维A酸可取得满意疗效，但部分停药后易复发。结论日光照射可能在泛发型环状肉芽肿发病中起着一定的作用；组织学改变以栅状肉芽肿最多见；局限型以局部治疗为主，泛发型以系统治疗为主。

Clinical Analysis of 43 Cases of Granuloma Annulare

Objective To study the precipitating factors, clinical features, histopathological changes and treatment in patients with localized and generalized granuloma annulare (GA). Methods Clinical data of 24 cases of localized GA and 19 cases of generalized GA were analyzed retrospectively. Results Some cases of GA were found to be related to the exposure of sunlight, especially in the generilized patients. In the patients with localized GA, lesions usually distributed on the dorsal surface of the hands, nape of the neck, dorsum of feet. Annular lesions with 1-2 centimeters in diameter were formed by small papules. The largest lesion was 7 centimeter in diameter. Generalized GA presented as a diffuse papular eruption, 0.5 ~ 1 cm in diameter, and the lesions favoured the trunk and four limbs. The histopathological study showed that palisading granuloma pattern accounted for 61.9% in all patients, and scattered histiocytic infiltration accounted for 38.1%. Ultraviolet light avoidance, topical steroids, cryotherapy, surgical excision, systemic vitamin E or nicotinamide were effective for localized lesions. Systemic administration of chloroquine in low dosage was an alternative way for the stubborn localized GA. Systemic chloroquine, dapsone, corticosteroids, isotretinoin were effective in most generalized GA cases, but some cases relapsed when treatment was stopped. Conclusions Ultraviolet may be associated with the development of generalized GA. The histopathological changes were variable, the palisading granuloma pattern is the most common pattern. Topical therapy is effective in localized GA, and systemic therapy is mainly used for generalized GA.