Infectious inflammation of the CNS involves activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and AKT proteins in CSF in humans |
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Authors: | L Pollak T Hanoch M J Rabey R Seger |
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Institution: | (1) Kibutz Galuyot 4, Nes Ziona, 74 012, Israel;(2) Department of Neurology, The Assaf Harofeh Medical Center affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, University of Tel-Aviv, Zerifin, 73 000, Israel;(3) Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76 100, Israel |
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Abstract: | Abstract The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the AKT are interacting proteins that serve as transmitters of numerous
extracellular signals to their intracellular targets, thereby regulating many cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation,
development or stress responses. Whereas a large amount of information about the MAPKs/AKT participation in biological processes
is available, less is known about their role in human diseases. We postulated that the MAPKs/AKT could be involved in inflammatory
processes of the central nervous system (CNS) in humans and we investigated the CSF of 12 patients with viral infection of
the CNS for the presence of the distinct components of these cascades. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 18 individuals who
underwent a lumbar puncture for diagnostic purposes served as controls. Six patients with inflammatory disease of the CNS
revealed the presence of activated ERK. In five patients p38MAPK was detected, in three in its activated form. The activity
of AKT could be demonstrated in four patients. JNK was not found. None of the control patients showed the presence of MAPK
enzymes. The mean CSF cellularity was higher in MAPK-positive than in MAPKnegative patients. There was no difference in mean
age or gender between the patients and controls, or between the MAPK- and AKT-positive or -negative patients. Our work demonstrates
that the MAPK and AKT cascades might participate in inflammatory processes of the CNS. As selective inhibitors of the MAPKs
are available, their application in the future might reduce an inappropriate inflammatory response and thus limit brain damage
in severe cases of meningoencephalitis. |
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Keywords: | MAPK AKT Infectious inflammation of CNS |
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