HIV-2 viral protein X (Vpx) ubiquitination is dispensable for ubiquitin ligase interaction and effects on macrophage infection |
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| Authors: | McCulley Anna Ratner Lee |
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| Affiliation: | a Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USAb Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAc Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAd OIE Reference Laboratories for AHSV and BTV, Virology Division, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africae French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Laboratory for Animal Health, LNR FCO/EHD, 23 Avenue Général de Gaulle, Maisons-Alfort Cedex 94706, Francef Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA |
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| Abstract: | In 2006, an exotic reassortant orbivirus, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 6 (EHDV-6) [strain (Indiana)], was first detected in the United States. To characterize the reassortment configuration of this virus and to conclusively determine the parental virus of each RNA segment, the complete genome of EHDV-6 (Indiana) was sequenced, in addition to the genomes of representative EHDV-6 and EHDV-2 isolates. Based on genomic comparisons to all other EHDV serotypes, we determined that EHDV-6 (Indiana) originated from a reassortment event between the Australian prototype strain of EHDV-6 (CSIRO 753) and the North American topotype of EHDV-2 (Alberta). Additionally, phylogenetic analysis of all EHDV-6 (Indiana) isolates detected in the United States from 2006 to 2010 suggests that the virus may be undergoing continual reassortment with EHDV-2 (Alberta). In 2010, EHDV-6 (CSIRO 753) was detected in Guadeloupe, demonstrating that the parental virus of the reassortment event is circulating in the Caribbean. |
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| Keywords: | Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 6 Orbivirus Reassortment Reassortant Guadeloupe |
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