孕晚期妇女贫血对妊娠结局的影响及贫血因素分析

目的:了解孕妇的贫血患病现状及其影响因素,探讨贫血对妊娠结局的影响。方法:对5308名孕产妇的年龄、文化程度、居住地、血红蛋白(Hb)及妊娠结局进行回顾性调查分析。结果:孕晚期妇女的贫血患病率为59.5%。贫血组的新生儿平均体重明显降低(P<0.01)。贫血组与非贫血组的LBW发生率无明显差异,但中度贫血组LBW发生率明显高于非贫血组。贫血组手术性分娩率明显高于非贫血组。孕妇的贫血率为农村高于城市;不同文化程度组的贫血患病率明显不同。结论:我国孕晚期妇女有近60%患有贫血,与不良妊娠结局有关;居住地、教育水平对孕妇的贫血患病率有影响。

Effect of anemia on pregnant outcome and the risk factors of anemia In the third trimester

Objective:To describe the prevalence of anemia in pregnant Chinese women and association with pregnancy outcomes and determine the risk factors of anemia.Methods:5 308 pregnant women aged 20~39 years old in the third trimester at labor were recruited from 5 centers including three rural areas and two cities in China.Hb<110 g/L was considered as anemia and Hb≤100 g/L as severe anemia.Low birth weight(LBW)was defined as <2500 g and preterm delivery as a pregnancy during of <37 wk.The data of the resident place,professional,education and living levels was collected.Results:The prevalence of anemia was 59.5% in the third trimester.Compared with non-anemia group,average birth weight of babies in anemia group was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The percentage of LBW was significantly different between severely anemic(6.35%)and non-anemic women(4.58%),but the difference between anemic and non-anemic women was not significant.The rate of impaired delivery was 46.00% in anemia and 40.99% in non-anemia group(P<0.01).Prevalence of anemia in rural areas(65.2%)was higher than that in cities(49.8%).The prevalence of anemia showed that rates of 52.51%,58.02%,60.77% were found in a sequence of college,secondary and primary education,which had a significant difference respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion:A high prevalence of anemia is observed in pregnant women just before delivery which is associated with poor pregnancy outcome.Factors associated with anemia during pregnancy are the resident place,educational status.