以问题为基础学习教学改革实践与哲学思考

为了探索教育的内在规律，中国医科大学在医学免疫学课程教学中进行了教改实践。实验组采用以问题为基础学习（problem—based learning，PBL）教学方法，对照组采用传统的教学方法；两组学生以综合能力、观念和考试成绩为指标进行对比分析。结果显示，PBL教学方法明显提高了实验组学生的综合能力，而其考试成绩却没有变化，甚至比对照组学生的总成绩稍低。对比实验提示，学生综合能力主要是通过自身实践获得。教学改革应当从内因着手，培养学生的综合能力，教学质量的评价应当着重考核学生的综合能力。依靠被动接受知识的传统教学方法不利于培养学生的综合能力。

Teaching reform and philosophic thinking on problem-based learning

To explore intermal law of the education,the students were taught by problem-based learning teaching method for experimental cladd which the index of the comprehensive ability,comcept and examining results was comtrasted or aggregately analyzed.and by traditiomal teaching method for control class.The results showed that the comprehensive ability of the students of the experimental class were obviously eleated,but the examinimg resamining results were no change,or lower than the students of comtrol class.The results of the contrasted experiments hinted that the students obtain the comprehimsive ability by self-practice.Thereby ,the comclusins are that teaching reform must proceed from intermal cause,must cultivate the comprehensive ability of the students.The evaluation of the teaching quality must emphasize of examinatio of the comprehensive ability of the studnt.It is not possible that the comprehensive abilith of the student is cultivated by traditional teaching method which students are passive to accept kowledge.