268例儿童矮小原因分析及其预防措施

目的：探讨儿童矮小症的致病因素,为临床预防和治疗提供参考。方法：对2006年7月～2009年10月湘潭县妇幼保健院儿科保健门诊及住院部临床诊断为矮小症的患儿病因进行回顾性分析。结果：268例矮小症患儿中引起儿童矮小症的前10位疾病分别是生长激素神经分泌障碍（GHND）、体质性青春发育延迟、宫内发育迟缓、特发性矮小（ISS）、性早熟、营养缺乏性生长迟缓、Turner综合征（TS）、生长激素缺乏症（包括部分生长激素缺乏症）、原发性甲状腺功能减低症、21-三体综合征等。其中,〈6岁的病因主要为营养缺乏性生长迟缓、宫内发育迟缓、21-三体综合征;7～12岁的病因主要为生长激素神经分泌障碍（GHND）、特发性矮小（ISS）、宫内发育迟缓、Turner综合征（TS）、生长激素缺乏症（GHD）、原发性甲状腺功能减低症;13～18岁的病因主要为体质性青春发育延迟、性早熟及生长激素神经分泌障碍GHND。结论：引起儿童矮小症的病因多种多样,临床上要综合分析,给予针对性的预防和治疗措施。

Causes of 268 Cases of Childhood Microsoma and Corresponding Prevention

Objective： To investigate the pathogenic factors of childhood microsoma for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods： To review the patients that were diagnosed as microsoma in the Pediatrics of Tongji Hospital from July 2006 to October 2009.Results： The top 10 main causes of the 268 children with microsoma analyzed were the growth hormone neurosecretory disorder（GHND）,constitutional delayed adolescence,intrauterine growth retardation,idiopathic short stature（ISS）,precocious puberty,growth retardation of nutritional deficiencies,Turner syndrome（TS）,growth hormone deficiency（including a part of the growth hormone deficiency）,primary hypothyroidism,trisomy 21 syndrome,etc..The causes between different growing ages were different.6 years the main cause for the lack of nutritional growth retardation,intrauterine growth retardation,trisomy 21 syndrome;7～12 year-old main cause of growth hormone neurosecretory disorder（GHND）,idiopathic short stature（ISS）,intrauterine growth retardation,Turner syndrome（TS）,growth hormone deficiency（GHD）,primary hypothyroidism;13～18 years old for the physical nature of the main causes of delayed puberty,sexual precocity and the growth hormone neurosecretory disorder（GHND）.Conclusion： The causes of childhood microsoma were various and the clinical analysis should be integrated to give targeted prevention and treatment measures.