关中地区2018年农村中小学校饮用水水质卫生现状

目的调查分析关中地区2018年农村中小学校饮用水水质情况,为针对性加强供水设施改造提供工作依据。方法制定农村学校集中式供水基本情况调查表,根据《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750—2006)和《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006),对关中地区192所农村学校管网末梢水进行采集检测,对水质影响因素与水质合格率之间关系进行分析。结果关中地区农村学校饮用水水质总合格率为59.1%,微生物、毒理指标、感官性状和一般化学指标合格率分别为74.5%,84.6%,88.0%。单因素分析表明水源类型、工程类型、卫生许可情况以及消毒设备使用情况等4个因素影响水质合格率,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。非条件二分类Logistic回归分析表明,按要求消毒、工程类型、卫生许可情况影响水质合格率(OR值分别为3.14,2.05,1.99,P值均<0.05)。结论对于关中地区农村学校供水中发现的自建设施管理落后,卫生许可证将持证率较低;消毒设备不能按要求使用等问题,建议进一步加强对农村学校供水的设施改造投入,针对性加强供水处理、规范消毒。

Drinking water current situation among Guanzhong area rural primary and secondary schools in 2018

Objective To investigate and analyze the drinking water quality among rural primary and secondary schools in Guanzhong area in 2018,and to provide a basis for the targeted improvement of water supply facilities.Methods Develop a questionnaire on the basic situation of centralized water supply in rural schools,according to the Standard Test Method for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750-2006)and the Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water(GB 5749-2006)for the rural school network in Guanzhong area.The peripheral water collection and testing carried out single factor and multi-factor statistical analysis on the relationship between water quality influencing factors and water quality pass rate.Results The total qualified rate of drinking water quality in rural schools in Guanzhong area was 59.1%.Univariate analysis showed that water quality rate was affected by four factors including water source type,engineering type,sanitation permit and disinfection equipment use,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Unconditional two-class logistic regression analysis showed that disinfection(OR=3.14),engineering type(OR=2.05),and sanitation permit(OR=1.99)(P<0.05)affected the water quality pass rate.Conclusion It is recommended to further strengthen the investment in the renovation of water supply for rural schools in Guanzhong area,and specifically strengthen water supply treatment and standard disinfection.