女性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征临床及睡眠监测分析

目的：了解女性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）的临床和睡眠监测特点。方法：对60例女性和465例男性OSAHS患者之间的主要症状体征以及多道睡眠监测结果包括呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、呼吸暂停指数（AI）、最低氧饱和度及微觉醒指数进行比较分析。结果：女性患者平均年龄大于男性（t=4．79．P=-0．000）。女性OSAHS患者呼吸暂停、白天嗜睡、鼻部及舌根病变明显少于男性（P值分别为0．0001，0．000，0．043，0．011），晨起头痛的发生明显多于男性（P=0．004），女性患者的AHI、AI、最低氧饱和度及微觉醒指数明显低于男性患者（t值分别为7．16。7．95，5．09，7．5，P值均为0．000），发生于非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠期的AHI明显低于男性（t=7．28，P=0．000），发生于快速眼动（REM）睡眠期的AHI两性患者之间差异无显著性。结论：女性OSAHS患者发病年龄大于男性，病情较男性轻，病情的严重程度差异主要在NREM睡眠期。

Clinical characteristics and polysomnography in female patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Objective:To realize the characteristics of clinical symptoms and polysomnography(PSG)in female patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Method:The clinical presentations and polysomnography findings were compared between465 males and 60 females with OSAHS.Results:Female OSAHS patients were older in average than male(t=4.79,P=0.000).Clinical presentations including apnea and daytime sleepiness complaint as well as nasalobstructive disorder and tongue base hypertrophy were much lower in female than male(P=0.0001,0.000,0.043,0.011,respectively).Female patients noted headaches on awakening more commonly than male patients(P=0.004).Female patient had a lower apnea hypopnea index(AHI),apnea index(AI),lowest SO2,micro-arousal index than male(t= 7.16,7.95,5.09,7.5,respectively,P= 0.000,respectively).In addition,the apnea hypopnea events happened in non-rapid eye movement in women were significantly lower than those in men(t=7.28,P=0.000),but the apnea hypopnea events happened in rapid eye movement in women were similar in female and male patients.Conclusion:Female OSAHS patients are older and lighter than male patients.The difference of the two gender about apnea hypopnea events mainly happen in non-rapid eye movement sleep.Gender disparity should be taken into account in current clinical evaluation.