安徽池州市贵池区钉螺及感染性钉螺调查与分析

目的 了解贵池区钉螺及感染性钉螺分布现状及变化趋势.方法 收集全区近3年有螺环境调查数据,绘制感染性钉螺分布电子地图,并进行分析.结果 贵池区现有钉螺面积2934.88hm2,感染性钉螺面积10.76hm2.湖沼型流行区有螺面积占89.52％,呈片带状分布,感染性钉螺面积占99.92％,钉螺孳生和感染严重,其中以湖滩分布为主;内陆环境点多、散,且环境复杂.钉螺分布以三类流行村为主,主要沿长江、秋浦河、升金湖和九华河流域分布,主要植被是杂草,与居民点距离大多较近,无新发现及复现钉螺.结论 贵池区感染性钉螺分布明显减少,钉螺分布呈徘徊态势,形势依然严峻.要提高查螺质量,加大螺情监测和血防执法工作,重点打击感染性螺点和易感环境,结合综合治理,压缩钉螺及感染性钉螺面积.

Survey on distribution of Oncomelania snail and infected snail in Guichi District, Anhui Province

Objective To understand the status and tendency of distribution of Oncomelania snail and infected snail in Guichi district, Anhui province. Methods To collect and analyze the data of snail survey in recent 3 years, and make the electronic map of distribution of infected snail. Results The snail habitats were 2934.88 hm2, and the infected snail habitat were 10.76 hm2 in Guichi district. 89.52 % of the snail areas and 99.92 % of the infected snail areas distributed in marshland regions, especially in the river beach environment. The spot of snail habitats was dispersed in mountainous areas. The snail habitats were mainly distributed along the Yangtze River, Qiupu River, Shengji Lake and Jiuhua River in the grade Ⅲ villages, and close to the residential settles. There was no new areas and reappearance of snail in the recent 3 years. Conclusion The infected snail habitats decreased obviously, and the snail habitats paced back and forth. It was necessary to improve the quality of snail survey, and enhance the comprehensive measures to reduce snail habitats and infected snail habitats.