安徽泾县血吸虫病流行区主要传染源调查

目的 了解安徽泾县血吸虫病传染源种类,指导血吸虫病防治工作.方法 选择4个野外环境,其中2个有感染性钉螺分布,2个无感染性钉螺分布.调查野粪污染情况,同时调查附近人、家畜及野鼠血吸虫感染情况.人群采用间接血凝试验(IHA)查病；家畜和野鼠采取粪便孵化法进行病原学检查.结果 现场检获牛、狗、兔及不明野生动物阳性野粪,阳性率分别为14.3％、14.8％、8.9％、25.0％;野鼠、牛和人群IHA阳性率分别为,6.9％、15.1％和3.9％.除不明野生动物的野粪外,在有感染螺分布环境的野粪及宿主血吸虫阳性率均高于无感染螺分布的环境.结论 当地血吸虫病流行可能与牛、野鼠、狗、兔、人及其它野生动物有关,各种传染源在传播中的地位有待进一步研究.

Investigation on the infection sources of Schistosomiasis japonicum in Jingxian County, Anhui Province

Objective To understand the infectious species of Schistosomiasis japonicum in Jingxian county and provide evidence for making out schistosomiasis control strategies. Methods Four environment spots, of which two have infested snails distribution and two has not infested snails distribution, were selected as study pilots. The situation of wild excrement pollution was investigagted. The infection of schistosomiasis of human, domestic cattle and wild rnice nearby the environment spots were examined with the method of Ilia for human, and hatching technique for domestic cattle and wild mice. Results The positive rate of wild excrements of cattle, dog, hare and another unknown wild animal was 14.3%, 14.8%, 8.9%, 25.0%, respectively. The infection rate of wild mice, catde and human was 6.9%, 15.1%, 3.9%, respectively. The positive rates of wild excrements and host in the sites with infected snails distribution were higher than those in the sites with no infected snails distribution except the excrements of unknown animal Conclusion It is suggested that cattle, mice, dog, hare, human and other wild animals may contribute to the endemic dynamics of schistosomiasis in local areas. However, it should rely on further research to determine the role of each species in the transmission of the schistosomiasis.