冠状动脉搭桥术患者围手术期皮质醇昼夜人泌节律与神经心理状态的研究

目的研究冠状动脉搭桥术患者围手术期皮质醇昼夜节律变化与神经心理状态的关系.方法选择在低温体外循环或非体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥术的男性患者40例,分为体外循环组和非体外循环组,每组20例.在术中特定时点和术后每3 h抽血1次持续到术后24 h.用放射免疫法检测血浆皮质醇的含量.于术前1 d、术后7～10 d及术后3个月,应用抑郁自评量表、焦虑状态/特性询问表和神经心理量表评估抑郁和焦虑程度以及认知功能.结果术后24 h体外循环组和非体外循环组分别有3例和7例患者表现为昼夜节律性分泌,其余患者则无昼夜节律性分泌.体外循环组和非体外循环组患者术后抑郁评分高于术前(P<0.01),而体外循环组患者术后7～10 d焦虑状态显著重于非体外循环组患者(P<0.05);体外循环组患者的数字广度测验(逆向)评分低于非体外循环组患者(P<0.05);斯特鲁字色干扰测验的改正反应和阻塞反应较非体外循环组患者显著减退(P<0.05).体外循环组患者术后皮质醇昼夜分泌节律紊乱与抑郁程度和斯特鲁字色干扰测验的改正反应相关, 而非体外循环组患者皮质醇分泌节律紊乱则与抑郁程度、数字广度测验(顺向)、符号数字模式测验和斯特鲁字色干扰测验的改正反应相关.抑郁程度与认知功能的某些项目相关.结论冠状动脉搭桥术患者围手术期皮质醇昼夜分泌节律紊乱,这种紊乱直接或通过情感状态间接与认知功能相关.

Perioperative cortisol circadian secretion and neuropsychological states in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

Objective To investigate the relationship between the circadian rhythm of perioperative cortisol secretion and neuropsychological states in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Methods Forty male patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) under hypothermic cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) or off-pump were enrolled in this study. They were allocated into CPB group or off-pump group with 20 patients in each group. Blood samples were withdrawn during surgery at specific time-points and every 3 h for 24 h in the immediate postoperative period. Plasma cortisol was measured by radioimmunoassay. All subjects were investigated preoperatively as well as 7 to 10 d and 3 months postoperatively with a comprehensive neuropsychologic assessment, while depression and anxiety were assessed by Self-Rating Depression Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory respectively. Results During postoperative 24 h, three patients in the CPB group and 7 patients in the off-pump group were demonstrating a circadian secretion pattern, while they were disturbed in the remaining patients in both groups. Postoperative depression scores of patients in both groups were significantly higher than preoperative values. Postoperative anxiety scores of patients in the CPB group were significantly higher than those in the off-pump group. The CABG with CPB patients showed a significant deficit in the Digit Span subtest of the WAIS-R and the Stroop colour word interference test. The disturbed cortisol circadian secretion in the CPB group correlated with depression and the Stroop colour word interference test,whereas in the off-pump group it correlated with depression, Digit Span subtest (forward), symbol digit modalities test and the Stroop colour word interference test. Degree of depression correlated with some items of cognitive dysfunctions. Conclusion Perioperative secretion rhythm of cortisol in patients undergoing CABG surgery with CPB or off-pump was disturbed. The disordered cortisol may correlate directly or indirectly through mood with neuropsychological deficits.