腹腔镜胆囊切除术的演变与思考

腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）问世二十多年来，已成为国际上公认的胆囊切除的金标准术式。随着微创外科概念和腹腔镜-内镜技术的迅速发展，近年来腹壁无瘢痕手术引起外科界的关注。本文对于经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术的手术器械、操作技术进行探讨，希望通过改进其手术操作的方便性及安全性，提高其普及应用的可行性。

Evolution and current challenges of laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Since its introduction at the end of the 20th century,laparoscopic cholecystectomy has evolved into a safe and convenient minimally invasive surgical method,which is now the gold standard therapy for cholelithiasis worldwide.Physicians have continued to improve upon the procedure,creating methods that further minimize the related scarring and pain,such as the laproendoscopic single-site cholecystectomy and the gasless-lift laparoscopy.Additionally,the primary challenge of limited operative space in these procedures remains a key feature requiring improvement.In this review,the development and progression of laparoscopic cholecystectomy over the past 26 years is discussed,highlighting the current advantages and disadvantages that need to be addressed by practicing physicians to maximize the clinical value of this important therapy.