综合干预措施对农村育龄妇女艾滋病防制效果的评价

通过妇幼保健系统对农村育龄妇女进行艾滋病 (AIDS)预防与控制健康教育干预 ,提高农村育龄妇女预防AIDS能力。干预前基础调查 ,培训妇幼保健机构人员 ,采取多种形式的健康教育干预 ,干预后调查、分析对比干预措施对农村育龄妇女AIDS预防与控制知识、态度、行为的影响。发现农村育龄妇女对AIDS三大传播途径的正确认识率分别有显著的提高 ,尤其对预防观念的认识有了大幅度的提高 ,认为“AIDS可通过日常生活接触传播的人数由干预前的 2 7.8%下降到干预后的 1.0 % ;对AIDS的态度有了明显改善 ,认为“只有城市人才可能得AIDS”的人数由干预前的 4 2 .1%下降到干预后的 6 .5 % ,基本消除了“AIDS离我们很遥远”的错误认识 ;通过干预 ,农村育龄妇女AIDS防制的行为也得到了加强 ,会正确使用避孕套的人数由 8.3%提高到 76 .9% ,使用过避孕套的人数由 8.3%提高到 2 6 .8% ,患过性病的人数由 4 .4 %下降到 0 .5 %。认为在妇幼保健系统实施AIDS防制健康教育干预效果明显 ;健康教育形式应多样化 ;加强基层组织人员培训 ,在农村社区建立AIDS宣传点 ;推广使用避孕套任重道远 ;充分发挥和利用各系统尤其是妇幼保健系统优势

Effect Assessment of AIDs Comprehensive Intervention Measures to Rural Fertile Women

In order to improve AIDS prevention of rural fertile women, AIDS prevention and control education was made to the women via health care system for women and children. Before intervention, baseline investigation was carried out. Then medical workers in institutes of health care for women and children were trained. Many public health education approaches were adopted for intervention. Comparison of the women s knowledge, attitude and behavior to AIDS prevention and control before and after intervention was made. The results showed that knowledge to AIDS three transmission routes of the women improved remarkably. Percentage of people who thought AIDS could be infected via routine contact decreased from 27.8% to 1% and that of people who thought AIDS could only infect city dwellers reduced from 42.1% to 6.5%. The incorrect cognition AIDS is far from us was basically eliminated. After intervention, their behavior was also improved. Percentage of people who could use condom correctly increased from 8.3% to 76.9%. People who actually used condom increased from 8.3% to 26.8%. People with STDs decreased from 4.4% to 0.5%. Effect of AIDS public health intervention education was obviously through health care system for women and children. Public health education forms should be diversified. Training to medical workers at basic levels should be enhanced. AIDS propaganda sites should be built in rural areas. A great efforts of condom promotion should be further made.. Advantage of health care system for women and children should be fully played.