红皮、黑皮花生茎叶对小鼠镇静催眠作用的对比研究

目的:探讨红皮、黑皮花生茎叶水提物对小鼠镇静催眠的作用。方法:将SPF级KM种小鼠随机分为8组,分别为:生理盐水组、地西泮阳性对照组,红皮花生茎叶高、中、低剂量组及黑皮花生茎叶高、中、低剂量组,每组8只;采用水提及超声辅助的方法充分提取两种花生茎叶的有效成分,灌胃给药7天,1次/d。观察小鼠自主活动次数、对阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠的睡眠潜伏期和睡眠持续时间及对抗3-MP诱导惊厥程度。结果:红皮花生茎叶高、中剂量组与黑皮花生茎叶高剂量组均能显著降低小鼠自主活动次数(P0.01);红皮及黑皮花生茎叶高、中、低剂量组均能延长阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠的睡眠时间(P0.01);除黑皮花生茎叶低剂量组外,其余组均能降低小鼠惊厥率(P0.05)。结论:红皮花生与黑皮花生茎叶水提物对小鼠均具有镇静催眠作用,其中红皮花生茎叶水提物的镇静催眠作用略高于黑皮花生。

Comparative Study on Sedative and Hypnotic Effects of the Stems and the Leaves of Red and Black Peanuts on the Mice

Objective: To explore sedative and hypnotic effects of the stems and leaves of red and black peanuts on mice. Methods: KM mice were randomized into eight groups, respectively including: physiological saline group, positive control group of diazepam, high, moderate and low doses groups of the stems and leaves of red peanuts, high, moderate and low doses groups of the stems and leaves of black peanuts, eight mice each group; effective ingredients of the stems and leaves of red and black peanuts were drew effectively by water extraction and ultrasound, the mice were medicated by intragastric administration for seven days, once per day. Autonomic activities times of the mice, sleep latency and sleep duration of the mice induced by sodium amytal in sub-threshold dose, and anti-3-MP-induced convulsions degree were observed. Results: High and moderate dose groups of the stems and the leaves of red peanuts and high dose group of the stems and the leaves of black peanuts could decrease autonomic activities times of the mice (P<0.01); high, moderate and low dose groups of the stems and the leaves of red peanuts and black peanuts could prolong sleep time of the mice induced by sodium amytal in sub-threshold dose (P<0.01); except low dose group of black peanuts, other groups could decrease convulsion rate of the mice (P<0.05). Conclusion: Aqueous extracts of the stems and the leaves of red and black peanuts present sedative and hypnotic effects on the mice, and the effects of aqueous extracts of the stems and the leaves of red peanuts are higher than these of black peanuts.