家庭整体干预在高血压病社区干预中的作用

目的 探究家庭整体干预在高血压病社区干预中的作用.方法 将106例Ⅰ、Ⅱ级高血压病患者随机分成两组,对照组50例仅进行个体危险因素分析及干预;家庭干预组56例,进行家庭整体干预,既除了进行个体危险因素分析及干预外,还对患者进行家庭健康评估,寻找出家庭危险因素,针对不良因素进行指导及干预,动员全体家庭成员参与.干预后6个月社区护理人员停止家庭访视(既除去外界干预因素),6个月及12个月(既除去外界干预因素后6个月)复查血压、BMI、血脂、行为及生活方式的改变.结果 6个月后家庭干预组在收缩压、饮食及运动程度、方式上的改变均较对照组改善明显(P<0.05或P<0.01);12个月后家庭干预组除BMI外所有指标均较对照组有改善(P<0.05或P<0.01),且家庭干预组的不良行为回升在分类及人数上均低于对照组.结论 对高血压病患者进行家庭整体干预,患者血压、血脂、行为、生活方式的改善比一般干预患者明显且效果稳定、持久.

Discuss on the function of holistic family intervention in community intervention of hypertension

Objective To study the function of holistic family intervention in community intervention of hypertension. Methods 106 eases with hypertension at stage Ⅰ orⅡwere randomly divided into the control group (50 cases) and the family intervention group (56 cases). In the control group, individual risk factors of the patients were analyzed and intervention was performed. In the family intervention group, apart from that clone in the control group, health conditions of the patients' family were assessed to find out the family risk factors. Then guidance and intervention were given to the family intervention group against the bad factors All family members were mobilized to take part in this assessment. Six months after the intervention, nurses in the community stopped visiting the patients and their family (i.e.,stopped the external intervention).Blood pressure, BMI, blood lipid, behavior and changes of life style were reviewed at 6th and 12th months(i.e.,6 months after the external intervention was stopped). Results Six months after the intervention, changes of systolic pressure, diets, frequency and means of exercise in the family intervention group were more significant than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Twelve months after the intervention, all indexes except BMI in the family intervention group were better than those of the control group (P<0.05 orP<0.01). The rebound of unhealthy behavior in the family intervention group was less than that in the control group. Conclusions Improvements of blood pressure, blood lipid, behavior and life style in the family intervention are more stable and persistent than those in the simple individual intervention.