护理本科生临床学习期间压力、压力源和应对方式的调查研究

目的调查护理本科生在临床教学模式改变后，在临床学习过程中的压力水平、压力源和采用的应对方式，为协助学生调节压力．促进临床学习效果提供基础信息。方法采用问卷调查法，对102名进行临床学习的护理本科生的压力水平、压力源和应对方式进行调查。结果护理本科生在临床学习期间总的压力值为1．38±0．44，为中等水平压力，其中，有高水平压力的学生占4．0％。中等水平压力的学生占76．8％。学生在同一学期临床学习开始和结束时的压力水平分别为1．39±0．42和1．45±0．41（t=-0．671，P=0．505），两者差异比较无统计学意义。在不同学期的压力水平分别为1．45±0．41和1．45±0．53（t=-0．360，P=0．972），两者差异比较无统计学意义。学生的主要压力源为处理患者紧急情况的能力、临床带教教师的评价、所具备的知识水平等。学生在临床学习过程中常采用的应对方式包括与同学或朋友讨论感受、寻找相关信息、独自想办法解决等。结论护理本科生在新的临床教学模式下的平均压力水平为中等水平。同一学期不同时间点和不同学期学生所具有的压力水平相同。学生能够采用一定的应对方式去应对学习过程中的压力。

Investigation on stress, stressor and coping styles among baccalaureate nursing students in clinical setting

Objective To investigate stress,stressor and coping styles among baccalaureate nursing students in clinical setting,in order to provide preference for improving the effect of clinical practice for nursing specialty. Methods A questionnaire survey of stress,stressor and coping styles among 102 baccalaureate nursing students was conducted. Results The average score of stress level was 1.38±0.44,which was clarified as mid-level stress. In the students,4.0% experienced high-level stress,and 76.8% mid-level stress. The score of stress level were 1.39±0.42 and 1.45±0.41 respectively at beginning and the end of the semester（t=-0.671 ,P=0.505）. The scores of stress level were 1.45±0.41 and 1.45±0.53 in different semester respectively（t=-0.360,P=0.972）. The major stressors were the ability to deal with emergency of patients,teacher＇s evaluation, and their knowledge level,et al. The students＇ coping styles included talking their feeling with classmates and friends,searching related information,and finding out solution independently in clinical practice. Conclusions The nursing students experienced mid-level stress. No significant differences were found between different time within a semester and between different semesters. The students could take active coping styles to solve stress in clinical setting.