股骨髁关节面软骨缺损的超声诊断

目的评价超声探查软骨缺损的准确性和可靠性。方法在7具新鲜离体的膝关节股骨髁关节面上根据国际软骨修复协会（ICRS）软骨病变分级标准制作2～4级软骨缺损180个，直径分别为5、8、10mm，采用高频线阵探头进行扫查。结果180个各种类型及大小的软骨缺损经超声扫查均可显示。ICRS2级软骨缺损声像图表现为部分厚度的关节面软骨无回声带缺失，基底残留软骨的厚度大于软骨厚度的1／2，ICRS3级软骨缺损为无回声带关节面软骨全层缺失或者大部分厚度缺失，软骨下骨板完整，ICRS4级软骨缺损声像图表现为无回声带关节面软骨全层缺如，软骨下骨板强回声光带连续性中断、缺损。结论高频线阵探头扫查能准确、可靠地显示ICRS2～4级关节面软骨缺损。

Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Femaral Condylar Articular Cartilage Defect

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonography in detecting the femoral condylar articular cartilage defects.Methods A prospective in vitro study was conducted in seven fresh knees.Totally 180 femoral condylar cartilage defects were produced to grade 2-4 according to ICRS (International Cartilage Repair Society) standards.The diameters of the defects were 5,8,and 10 mm.High frequency and resolution linear transducer was used.Results All 180 articular cartilage defects with different sizes and grades could be detected.ICRS grade 2 articular cartilage defects revealed ultrasonographically defected partial-thickness of the articular cartilage which did not have anechoic band,but with a more than half thickness of residual anechoic band on the surface of hyperechoic subchondral bone.In ICRS grade 3,the articular cartilage defects appeared either a full-thickness loss of anechoic band or a more than half thickness loss of anechoic band with intact subchondral bone.In ICRS grade 4,the articular cartilage defects demonstrated a full-thickness loss of the anechoic band of the cartilage and discontinuity or defect of the hyperechoic band of subchondral bone.Conclusions High frequency linear scanner can reliably and accurately detect ICRS grade 2-4 articular cartilage defects.