NMR chemistry analysis of red blood cell constituents in normal subjects and lithium-treated psychiatric patients |
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| Authors: | Edward F. Domino Robert R. Sharp Steven Lipper Christian L. Ballast Beverly Delidow Michael R. Bronzo |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy;2. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy;1. Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;2. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;3. Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;4. Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA;5. Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA;6. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;7. Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA;8. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;9. Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA;10. Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA;11. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA;12. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;13. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, OH and Lindner Center of HOPE, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Mason, OH, USA |
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| Abstract: | Red blood cells from 18 lithium carbonate-treated patients with bipolar affective disorder and 12 normal volunteers were analyzed using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The spectra were analyzed for alanine, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), choline, 2,3-diphosphoglycerol, glucose, glutathione, glycine, and lactate. Significant elevations of choline and lactate were found in the lithium-treated patients compared with normal, unmedicated subjects. The elevation of lactate due to anaerobic metabolism in the red blood cells was further investigated via fluorometric analysis and appears to be caused by blood standing at room temperature. The observed increases in red blood cell choline are sufficiently high and statistically significant to warrant additional studies on the dramatic effects of lithium on this red cell metabolite, which might be important for an understanding of its mechanism of action in psychiatric disorders. |
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