育龄妇女生殖道感染病原学调查及药敏结果分析

目的：探讨本地育龄妇女生殖道感染的基本情况,包括致病病原体种类以及各病原体对抗生素的敏感性等,为临床治疗和用药提供指导。方法：选择2015年1～10月我院妇科门诊收治的1956例诊断为生殖道感染的育龄女性为研究对象,根据临床表现分为宫颈炎组、阴道炎组和单纯白带异常组。回顾性分析临床资料,包括阴道分泌物病原学检测结果以及病原体的药物敏感试验结果等。结果：1956份从生殖道感染的育龄妇女采集的阴道分泌物标本中检出病原体1030份,检出率为52.7％。1030例病原学检查阳性标本中,细菌所占比例最高（491/47.6％）,其次依次为霉菌（476/46.2％）、支原体（41/4.0％）、衣原体（14/1.4％）、阴道毛滴虫（5/0.5％）和淋病奈瑟菌（3/0.3％）。病原体对抗生素均存在不同程度的耐药性。结论：本地育龄妇女生殖道感染发病率较高,由于用药不规范和患者自行用药,抗生素误用、滥用情况严重,病原体耐药情况不容乐观,必须引起重视。临床医生要根据病原体种类和药敏试验结果,合理使用抗生素,避免耐药情况进一步加剧。

Investigation of pathogens causing reproductive tract infection and antibiotics resistance analysis in women of childbearing age

Objective: To investigate the basic situation of reproductive tract infection in local women of childbearing age, including pathogenic species and the antibiotic resistance analysis, and provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods: We chose 1956 childbearing age women with reproductive tract infection in gynecologic clinic in our hospital from January to June in 2015 as object of study. They were divided into cervicitis group, vaginitis group and abnormal vaginal discharge group according to the clinical manifestations. A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data, including pathogenic detection and drug sensitivity test results. Results: In 1956 specimens of childbearing age women with reproductive tract infection, 1030 pathogens were detected, the positive rate was 52.7%. The main propotion of pathogens are bacteria(491/47.6%), fungipathogens(476/46.2%), mycoplasma(41/4.0%), Chlamydia (14/1.4%), trichomonas (5/0.5%) and gonococcus (3/0.3%). All pathogens have varying degrees of resistance to antibiotics. Conclusion: The incidence of reproductive tract infection in local women of childbearing age is high. Due to unreasonanble misuse and abuse of antibiotics, the drug resistance of pathogens is not optimistic. We must pay attention to it. Doctors should choose the antibiotics reasonably according to drug sensitivity results, which would help avoid resistance situation aggravated further.