大蒜及大蒜素在防治肾脏疾病中的运用

大蒜为药食同源食物,中医文献记载大蒜可用治关格病症(慢性肾脏病的临床表现之一)。大蒜素为大蒜的提取物,在防治心血管疾病、肿瘤、细菌感染性疾病、内分泌疾病等方面具有广泛药理学作用。近年来,大蒜素在肾脏疾病中的药理学作用也被挖掘。大蒜素可多途径、多靶点保护肾脏,对慢性肾脏病、急性肾损伤、肾纤维化、肾肿瘤等均有一定作用。今后有关大蒜素的研究应在中医理论的指导下,深入系统研究大蒜素防治肾脏疾病及其并发症的作用机制和作用环节,研制适合临床长期使用的新剂型,发挥中医药优势,提高中医药防治疾病的疗效。

Application of Garlic and Allicin in the Prevention and Treatment of Renal Disease

Garlic,a medicinal and edible plant,has been documented in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) literature as a herb for Guangge(obstruction-rejection,showing as dysuria with incessant vomiting),one of the clinical manifestations of chronic renal disease. Allicin,an extract of garlic,has a wide range of pharmacological effects in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, tumors, bacterial infectious diseases, and endocrine diseases. In recent years,the pharmacological role of allicin in renal disease has also been explored.Allicin protects the kidney in multiple pathways and multiple targets,and has certain effect on chronic kidney disease,acute kidney injury,renal fibrosis and renal tumours. Future research on allicin should be guided by the theory of TCM,focuses on in-depth systematic study of the therapeutic mechanism and processes of allicin in the prevention and treatment of renal diseases and their complications,and on the development of its new dosage forms suitable for long-term clinical use,so as to embody the advantages of TCM and to enhance the efficacy of TCM in the prevention and treatment of diseases.