1640名陕西省综合医院护士职业满意度现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查陕西省综合医院护士的职业满意度现状,并分析其影响因素。方法 采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,于2018年3—7月从陕西省10个地级市中随机抽取西安市、宝鸡市、延安市3个地级市的8所综合医院1 640名在职护士,采用一般资料调查表、职业满意度量表、职业观量表、职业压力量表、护理业务实施量表、社会支持量表和组织承诺量表进行调查。采用多元线性回归分析护士职业满意度的影响因素。结果 护士的职业满意度平均分为（3.36±0.52）分,职业观总均分为（3.95±0.45）分,职业压力总均分为（2.30±0.54）分,护理业务实施总均分为（4.14±0.58）分,社会支持总分为（31.10±5.80）分,组织承诺总均分为（3.42±0.56）分。多元线性回归结果显示：组织承诺、职业观、职业压力进入回归方程（P<0.05）,共解释护士职业满意度总变异的56.8%。结论 本组陕西省综合医院护士职业满意度处于中等水平,护士的组织承诺水平、职业观水平、职业压力是其职业满意度的主要影响因素。建议护理管理者重点关注组织承诺水平低、职业观水平低和职业压力大的护士,帮助其制定可行的职业生涯规划,提高其对组织价值观和组织文化的认同度;不断加强职业观教育,努力改善护士工作环境和福利待遇,提高其组织承诺水平;降低护士专业负担和业务负担,改善护士工作环境并优化资源配置,促进团队沟通,以降低护士职业压力;从而提高其职业满意度。

Job Satisfaction of Nurses from Comprehensive Hospitals in Shaanxi Province and Its Influencing Factors: A 1,640-case Study

Objective To explore the current status of job satisfaction of nurses in comprehensive hospitals in Shanxi Province and analyze its influence factors. Methods With multi-stage cluster random sampling, 1,669 on-the-job nurses from 8 comprehensive hospitals in Shanxi were investigated by using a general information questionnaire, Job Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Professional Value Questionnaire, Job Stress Questionnaire, Task Performance Evaluation Questionnaire, Social Support Scale and Organizational Commitment Scale. Results The average score of nurses' job satisfaction was 3.36±0.52 and the mean total score of professional value, job stress, job performance, social support and organizational commitment was 3.95±0.45,2.30±0.54,4.14±0.58, 31.10±5.80 and 3.42±0.56 respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed organizational commitment, professional value, and job stress entered into the equation (P<0.05) and accounted for 56.8% of the total variations. Conclusion Job satisfaction of nurses in general hospital of Shaanxi province is at a mediate level and its main influence factors are organizational commitment, professional value and job stress. More attention should go to nurses with low level of organizational commitment and professional value but with higher job stress. Practical career plan, promotion of organizational value and culture, improving organizational commitment such as more professionalism education, improvement of working environment and welfare, reducing job stress such as enhancing communication and optimization of the recourses will benefit improving nurses' job satisfaction and stabilize nursing team.