骨髓增生异常综合征的临床和血液学特点分析(附49例报告)

目的 探讨骨髓增生异常综合征的临床特点、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法 对全部患者的临床特征，常规血液学及骨髓细胞形态学检查进行分析。结果 49例中难治性贫血（RA）占36.7％，难治性盆身伴环状铁粒幼细胞增多（RAS）占8.2％，原始细胞增多性难治性贫血（RAEB）占20.4％，转变中的RAEB占30.6％，慢性粒单型白血病（CMML）占4.0％。三系均不同程度表现病态造血特征，并有向白 病转化的趋势。结论 MDS诊断（特别是RA）较困难，应以明确的病态造血为依据，外周血查见原幼粒细胞有助于RA与慢性再障（CAA）的鉴别，MDS／AML与AML－TMDS的鉴别有待进一步探讨。

Clinical and hematological study of myelodysplastic syndrome (a report of 49 cases)

Objective To study the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome.Methods The clinical features,routine hematological tests and morphology of medullary cells were analyzed in 49 cases.Results Of 49 cases,there were 36.7% of RA,8.2% of RAS,20.4% of RAEB,30.6% of RAEBT and 4.0% of CMML,respectively ,which showed the positive pathosis hemogenesis ,and had a trend of transforming to leukemia.Conclusion MDS(especially RA)is difficult to diagnose,which should be diagnosed according to pathosis hemogensis.The detection of blasts in peripheral blood will help to differentiate RA and CAA,but more researches should be made on the differentiation of MDS/AML and AML TMDS.