Recognition of nucleic acid and nucleic acid analogs by Toll-like receptors 7, 8 and 9 |
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Authors: | Bauer Stefan Pigisch Stephanie Hangel Doris Kaufmann Andreas Hamm Svetlana |
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Institution: | Institut für Immunology, Philipps-Universit?t Marburg, BMFZ, Hans-Meerweinstr. 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany. stefan.bauer@staff.uni-marburg.de |
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Abstract: | The mammalian immune system senses pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRR) and responds with activation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that are expressed on immune and non-immune cells play a critical role in this process. As part of the innate immune response, TLRs lead to cellular activation and cytokine production with subsequent initiation of an adaptive immune response. TLR7-9 recognize single-stranded RNA, nucleoside analogs and single-stranded CpG-DNA, respectively, and their activation initiates the immune response against viruses and bacteria. Furthermore, the stimulation of these TLRs may be exploited for adjuvant therapy, vaccination and anti-tumor responses. However, a role in the generation or perpetuation of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has also been suggested. |
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Keywords: | Toll-like receptors Imidazoquinoline RNA CpG-DNA |
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