空心螺钉内固定治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的评价空心螺钉内固定治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法2001年1月～2005年12月，采用空心螺钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折42例。其中男22例，女20例；年龄19～59岁，平均41岁。车祸伤21例，高处坠落伤14例，重物砸伤7例。无移位骨折15例，移位骨折27例。均为新鲜骨折。按照Garden分型：Ⅱ型15例，Ⅲ型16例，Ⅳ型11例。损伤至手术时间7h～15d，平均4．6d。结果42例患者均获随访1～6年，平均2．5年。骨折均愈合，平均愈合时间6．5个月。螺钉无松动及折断。术后2年3例出现股骨头缺血坏死迹象，1例出现股骨头塌陷，建议扶拐不负重活动，观察病情。髋关节功能按Brumbaek评价标准，优18例，良20例，差4例，优良率90．4％。结论空心螺钉内固定是治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的一种有效方法，能提高骨折愈合率，降低股骨头坏死发生率。

TREATMENT OF FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE WITH CANNULATED SCREW FIXATION IN YOUNG ADULTS

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect of cannulated screw on treatment of femoral neck fracture (FNF). METHODS: Forty-two FNF patients were treated by using cannulated screw from January 2001 to December 2005. There were 22 males and 20 females with an average age of 41 years (19-59 years). Fracture was caused by traffic accident in 21 cases, by falling from height in 14 cases and by bruise in 7 cases. All cases were fresh fracture. According to Garden criterion for typing, 15 cases were classified as type I , 16 cases as type In and 11 cases as type IV. It was 7 hours to 15 days from injury to operation. RESULTS: The patients were followed up for 1-6 years with an average of 2.5 years. The average fracture union time was 6.5 months. Three patients had ischemic necrosis of femoral head, and loosening and breakage of screw and rob was observed in 1 case. According to Brumback criterion for hip joint function, the result was excellent in 18 cases, good in 20 cases and bad in 4 cases, and the excellent and good rate was 90.4%. CONCLUSION: Cannulated screw fixation is a good method to treat FNF in young adults. It can improve the rate of fracture union and reduce the rate of avascular necrosis of femoral head.